The Heilongjiang Jewelry and Jade Industry Base was officially launched in May 2012 in Dongning County, a key Russian border port. It primarily focuses on imported Russian gemstone wool, supplemented by Mongolian, Korean, and Hanbao jade materials. The base integrates multiple functions, including customs clearance, bonded logistics, financing, R&D, authentication, processing, exhibitions, settlement, and tourism. It has become a major distribution center for raw materials and a wholesale market for finished jade products in Northeast Asia. Over time, it has emerged as a bright spot in the development of the Russia-to-East trade processing zone, earning the nickname "Yumen Pass" in northern China.
There are several advantages and opportunities that have contributed to the establishment and growth of the Heilongjiang Jewelry and Jade Industry Base:
First, the unique geographical advantage of Dongning Port serves as the foundation for the industry base. As China’s third-largest port for trade with Russia, Dongning is located just across the border from the Russian Primorsky Territory. It is only 53 kilometers from Ussuriysk, the largest railway marshalling station in the Russian Far East, and 153 kilometers from Vladivostok, the region's largest city. Being the closest port in Heilongjiang to the Pacific Ocean, it offers significant transportation and customs clearance benefits for gemstone trade. The port has been approved by the AQSIQ Kimberley Process International Certification System and is the only state-approved port for importing diamonds, precious stones, and jade. In October 2013, the Irkutsk-Harbin Baoyushi cargo airline was launched, enabling the efficient transport of high-value goods like jade and gemstones from Russia to China, where they are processed and sold at the Baoyu Stone Industrial Base in Dongning.
Second, the rich reserves of Russian jade provide a steady supply of raw materials, often referred to as the "living water" for Heilongjiang’s gemstone industry. Russia holds 80% of the world’s total jade reserves, making it the leading country in jade resources. Its jasper and white jade are of high quality, comparable to Xinjiang’s Hetian jade. Moreover, Russia maintains a relatively open policy towards jewelry and jade exports, encouraging foreign investment and importation. In early 2013, Dongning Baoyushi achieved a major breakthrough in customs clearance, handling the import license for 1,500 tons of Russian jade raw materials, marking a significant step in formal trade relations.
Third, the vast consumer market in China presents strong growth potential for the gemstone industry. Currently, per capita consumption of jewelry and jade in China is only one-fifth of that in developed countries, indicating enormous room for expansion in product design, branding, and marketing. With rising incomes, more people are turning to jade as a symbol of status and tradition, creating a golden era for the industry. Additionally, Russian jade is known for its quality and affordability compared to renowned brands like Hetian jade, offering high cost-performance and gradually gaining market recognition.
Finally, the Heilongjiang Jewelry and Jade Industry Base has made notable progress. This is evident in the initial scale of the jade processing industry, the improvement of supporting services, the formation of a basic purchase and sales network, and the development of related industries. These developments position the base as a key player in the regional and international gemstone trade.
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