Winter is not only the nutritional accumulation of golden pomelo, but also the period of flower bud differentiation. In order to ensure the normal production of fruit trees in the next year, a series of winter management work such as fertilization, pruning and clearing garden should be done.
First, fertilize the tree
The first job after harvesting golden pomelo is to restore the tree. Some fruit farmers believe that the first step is to apply organic fertilizer to the ditch. In fact, this is the wrong way. Because the trees absorb the imbalance after harvesting, the tree is weak, and the ditch will inevitably hurt the roots, and the impact on the plants will be worse. The correct way is to apply quick-acting water and fertilizer as soon as possible, and the dry orchard should spray water first. Fertilization should be carried out according to the strength of the tree. The normal fruit tree can be used with urea and imported compound fertilizers of 0.5-1 kg each, and the second plus light manure water is used for 2-3. Old weak trees once every 5-7 days, 3 times in a row, and increase water consumption. From mid-November, the leaves are sprayed 1-2 times with 20 ppm 2,4-D plus 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to ensure safe leaves for the winter.
Second, the tree trim
The purpose of pruning is to reduce the consumption and source of pests, increase the accumulation of trees, facilitate ventilation and light transmission, and improve photosynthesis. Therefore, on the basis of comprehensively cutting off diseases, insects, dead branches, clearing fallen fruit and residual branches and leaves, it is necessary to thin and retract the abundance trees of the closed line. The object of thinning is the autumn shoots and delicate cross branches that cannot turn green; the retracted objects are the long branches of the top of the thriving tree and the middle and lower branches and the horizontal branches that are too elongated. Branches that intersect between plants should be cut off early, broken, or even thinned.
Third, spraying
Spraying in winter should be carried out with as much green leaves as possible. In recent years, the incidence of pests and diseases in orchards has been severe, causing certain losses to fruit farmers. Therefore, we must pay close attention to the principle of winter disease prevention and control, mainly to prevent black spot disease, ulcer disease and mites, mites and mites. You can spray 50% antibacterial 500 times solution or 75% chlorothalonil 700 times solution plus counter insecticide + new high fat film, and then use 1 wave of Meteorite sulphur or 95% new oil emulsion every 5-7 days. (or Caltex's enemy insects) 300 times liquid. When spraying, not only should the tree be sprayed, but also the surface should be sprayed to eliminate the source of the disease on the surface.
Fourth, winter fertilizer
In the middle and late November, when the tree is basically restored, it can be ditched and fertilized. The abundance of trees can open several strips with a width of about 0.5 m and a depth of 2.5-3.5 kg per plant, 25 kg of decomposed chicken manure (or 100 kg of manure), and 1.5 kg of phosphor powder. It is necessary to increase 0.25 kg of magnesium sulfate and 50 g of borax. When applying fertilizer, it should be applied layer by layer. The fertilizer should be dispersed as much as possible and mixed with the soil to avoid fertilizer damage. The work of fertilizing the reclaimed soil should be completed by mid-December.
V. Turning the garden and the trunk, painting the tree
Turning the garden in winter is a necessary task to reduce the source of pests and diseases and to change the structure of soil aggregates. First use lime powder, use 30-50 kg per mu, then turn the whole garden to 3-5 inches (the amount of lime should be used with caution for the lack of boron). At the same time as finishing the ditches, select high-quality mountain mud, dry pond mud or fire ash to fill the bare root group, and dredge the irrigation and drainage system, the trunk can be 1:1:10 Bordeaux liquid or lime: sulfur: salt: water =1:0.1: 0.03:10 stone sulphur mixture brushed branches. In recent years, the tree guards have been sprayed to protect the tree body, disinfection, heat preservation and antifreeze, and protect the tree body for winter.
Sixth, control water
In the winter, in the winter, in addition to the need to maintain a certain amount of water during the restoration of the tree, it is better to use moderate drought, which is good for flower bud differentiation. After the "Winter Solstice", the flower bud differentiation into the later stage, the water demand of the various organs of the tree began to increase, especially after the "Great Cold", as the branches are enriched, the water demand is getting bigger and bigger, and the water should be guaranteed in production. Supply, that is, to keep the orchard moist, otherwise, not only affect the development of flower organs, but also delay the spit of spring shoots and flower buds, causing a passive situation for production. Therefore, it is necessary to master the water in the pomelo garden in the deep winter season to ensure the normal growth of the tree.
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