At present, citrus in Xinyu City generally enters the fruit-bearing period, and citrus pests and diseases are dominated by a generation of yam and citrus leaf mites. As the temperature continues to rise, the first generation of Yajima has entered a critical period of prevention and control. In response to this situation, in order to ensure a good harvest of citrus, comprehensive prevention and control of pesticides should be taken in time to reduce losses.
It is understood that the city has carried out two large-scale prevention and control of citrus pests and diseases. One is to control flower buds, malignant leaf beetles, red-yellow spiders, citrus anthracnose from March to April; the second is the prevention and control of the first generation since the end of May. And red and yellow spiders. In June, large-scale citrus fruit fly adults will be prevented and controlled.
Symptoms of citrus anthracnose: often cause a large number of defoliation, fruit drop, shoot shoots and bark burst, which can cause the whole plant to die in severe cases. During fruit storage and transportation, it also causes a lot of decay. Anthrax can occur in various parts of the upper part of the citrus tree. Fog leaf symptoms: The lesions on the leaves appear mostly at the leaf margin or tip of the leaf. They are round or irregular, light gray-brown, brown at the edges, and the diseased part is clear. There are black dots on the lesions arranged in a concentric pattern. In the abnormal climatic conditions and improper cultivation management, acute type lesions sometimes occur in the leaves. Generally, it starts from the tip of the leaf and expands rapidly downwards. It is like a hot water scald, light cyan or dark brown, with alternating corrugations in the depth and depth, and the edge boundary is blurred. The lesions are scattered on both sides to produce a large number of loosely arranged meat red sticky small. Point, the late color becomes dark and the diseased leaves are easy to fall off.
Pathways and pathogenic conditions of citrus anthracnose: The bacteria overwinter in the diseased tissue with mycelium and conidia. Conidia spread by wind and rain and insects. The conidia germinate under appropriate environmental conditions to produce germ tubes, which invade the host tissue from the stomata, wounds or directly penetrate the epidermis. Anthrax is a weak parasite that does not normally occur in healthy tissues. However, severe freezing damage occurs, or low temperature and humidity in early spring, high temperature and rain in summer and autumn, or root damage caused by tillage, transplanting, long-term accumulation of water, excessive fertilization, etc.; or insufficient fertility, drought, serious pests, pesticides, air pollution Such as causing the tree to weaken; or due to the partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, the plant can extract a large number of new shoots and long branches, which can promote the occurrence of diseases. The pesticide network learned that the incidence of sweet orange, ponkan, citrus mandarin and lemon was heavier.
Citrus anthracnose prevention and control methods: comprehensive management measures should be adopted to strengthen cultivation management, enhance tree potential, and improve disease resistance.
1. Improve the management of the orchard. Do a good job in fertilizer management and pest control, antifreeze, anti-sunburn, etc., and avoid causing mechanical damage to the tree and maintain a strong tree. Cut off the pests and branches and long branches, remove the fallen leaves on the ground, and burn them intensively. After trimming, apply 1:1:10 Bordeaux pulp or 70% thiophanate-methyl (or 50% carbendazim) wettable powder 100-200 times solution.
2. Pesticide control. If the tree is weak, or if the tree is damaged due to various reasons, it should be sprayed in time. Generally, it can be sprayed once every time, and sprayed twice during the young fruit period. When acute lesions appear, they should be treated immediately. According to the China Pesticide Network , effective agents are: 0.5:0.5:100 Bordeaux mixture, 0.3 Baume sulphur sulphur, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP or 50% carbendazim WP 600-1000 times liquid.
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