Hawthorn, known for its flat and sour properties, is widely used in the pig industry due to its ability to aid digestion, relieve stagnation, exert antibacterial effects, and promote healing. It plays a crucial role in enhancing feed efficiency and promoting overall pig health.
In livestock production, herbal formulations are commonly applied to improve growth performance and prevent diseases. One such formula includes 20 grams of malt, 10 grams of hawthorn, atractylodes, tangerine peel, betel nut, six songs (a traditional term for a combination of herbs), 8 grams of Mutong, 6 grams of Chuanxiong, and licorice. These ingredients are mixed with a small amount of concentrate and fed once daily to all pigs. This mixture has been shown to increase daily weight gain by approximately 300 grams and boost the weight gain of compound feed by about one kilogram per kilogram of feed.
Another herbal formula for health care includes hawthorn, angelica, Chuanxiong, poria, nepeta, windproof, clam, alfalfa, bupleurum, atractylodes, betel nut, and licorice—each at 20 grams. Fried malt is added at 30 grams and ground into the feed at a ratio of 0.2% to 0.5%. This is fed twice a week and helps to expel wind, cold, promote blood circulation, strengthen the spleen, and reduce dampness. It is especially beneficial during winter, helping pigs grow faster and resist cold and disease.
In veterinary applications, various herbal remedies are used to treat specific conditions. For example, piglets suffering from digestive issues can be given 15 grams of white peony root and 1.5 grams of Jiaoshan 楂 (a type of hawthorn), ground into a fine powder and administered once or twice daily.
For constipation, 300 grams of radish is washed, chopped, and combined with 50 grams of Jiaoshan 楂. The mixture is boiled in 500 ml of water, then cooled before adding 40 grams of Glauber’s salt and 30 grams of rhubarb powder. This is fed to affected pigs two to three times to resolve the issue. Another remedy for post-castration constipation involves 15 grams of peach kernel, 32 grams of hawthorn, and 25 grams of large belly skin, which is decocted and given orally.
For injuries, 35 grams of Jiaoshanshan, 32 grams of malt, and 32 grams of Divine (a type of herb) are combined with 250 grams of white radish and 30 grams of rhubarb. After boiling and cooling, it is served once daily.
For gastroenteritis, 48 grams each of fried glutinous rice and Jiaoshan glutinous rice are decocted and given warm once a day.
For chronic erysipelas in pigs, 60 grams of mirabilite, 30 grams of hawthorn, Divine Comedy, rhubarb, bupleurum, Chenpi, gentiana, Fangji, and atractylodes (15 grams each), along with 10 grams of Mutong and licorice, are prepared as a decoction and given twice daily.
For sows experiencing postpartum issues, 80 grams of hawthorn, 50 grams of atractylodes, betel nut, magnolia, dried tangerine peel, hemp seed, Yu Liren, and 45 grams each of other herbs are combined with 40 grams of woody musk, 30 grams of fragrant cumin, 20 grams of licorice, and Jianshui. This is taken orally in three divided doses every eight hours.
For pig dyspepsia, 50 grams of sugar, 15 grams of hawthorn, and 30 grams of talcum powder are mixed with boiling water and administered orally.
Lastly, for blue ear disease, a formula containing 40 grams each of Codonopsis, white peony root, red peony root, medlar, plantain, dwarf tea, and hibiscus, 30 grams each of hawthorn, borax, and verbena, 20 grams each of artemisia, almond, and licorice, is prepared and given orally.
These traditional herbal treatments have been used for generations to support pig health and productivity, reflecting the deep-rooted knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine in animal husbandry.
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