Fire alarm system will become increasingly intelligent in the future

In the early stage of a fire, an automatic fire alarm system converts the physical quantities of smoke, heat, and flame generated by combustion into electrical signals through fire detectors and transmits them to the fire alarm controller. At the same time, the fire layer and the up and down are notified in the form of sound or light. The evacuation of neighbors, the controller records the location, time, etc. of the fire, so that people can find fire in a timely manner, and take effective measures in time to extinguish the initial fire, to minimize the loss of life and property caused by the fire.

At present, the automatic fire detection and alarm system has a wide range of applications, and it has become a necessary device in many places, playing a security role. However, in the practical application of fire detection and alarm system, there are also many problems. The existing product quality of the market is uneven, there is a single product function, reliability and stability are not high; only a certain kind of fire parameters are detected, and there is an error Reported missing news and many other issues. With the continuous development of microprocessor technology, sensing technology, communication technology, control technology and artificial intelligence technology, the future development direction of fire detection and alarm systems will increasingly tend to be highly reliable, with low false alarms and false reports and networkization. And intelligent development. Intelligent wireless fire alarm system is the main research direction.

The fire alarm system is generally composed of a trigger device, a fire alarm device, a linkage output device, and other auxiliary function devices; it can also be linked with various fire-fighting facilities and communication devices according to the requirements of the project to form a central control system. That is, a complete fire control system consists of automatic alarm, automatic fire extinguishing, safe evacuation induction, system process display, and fire file management.

Trigger device

In the automatic fire alarm system, devices that generate fire alarm signals automatically or manually are called triggers and mainly include fire detectors and manual fire alarm buttons. Fire detectors are devices that can respond to fire parameters (such as smoke, temperature, flame radiation, gas concentration, etc.) and automatically generate fire alarm signals. According to the different fire parameters, fire detectors are divided into five basic types: heat detectors, smoke detectors, light detectors, combustible gas detectors, and composite fire detectors. Different types of fire detectors are suitable for different types of fires and different locations. The manual fire alarm button is a device that generates a fire alarm signal manually and activates the fire automatic alarm system. It is also an indispensable part of the fire automatic alarm system.

Fire alarm device

In the automatic fire alarm system, a control indicating device for receiving, displaying, and transmitting a fire alarm signal and capable of issuing a control signal and having other auxiliary functions is called a fire alarm device. Fire alarm controller is one of the most basic ones. The fire alarm controller is responsible for providing stable working power for the fire detectors; monitoring the working status of the detectors and the system itself; receiving, converting, and processing the alarm signals output by the fire detectors; performing sound and light alarms; indicating the specific locations of the alarms and Time; simultaneously perform various tasks such as auxiliary control. It is a core part of the fire alarm system.

In fire alarm devices, there are also alarm devices such as interrupters, zone displays, fire display panels, etc., which can be regarded as the evolution or addition of fire alarm controllers. Applied under specific conditions, the fire alarm controller is a fire alarm device.

The basic functions of the fire alarm controller are: main power, automatic conversion of standby power, standby power charging function, power failure monitoring function, power supply status indicator function, power supply for the detector loop, and sound and light alarm of the controller or system fault. , Fire alarm, light alarm, fire alarm memory function, clock unit function, fire alarm priority report fault function, sound alarm sound silencer and re-aerial alarm function.

Fire alarm device

In a fire automatic alarm system, a device for emitting a fire alarm signal that distinguishes environmental sound and light is called a fire alarm device. It sends fire alarm signals to the alarm area by means of sound and light sounds to warn people to adopt safe evacuation and fire fighting and disaster relief measures.

Fire control equipment

In the automatic fire alarm system, when a fire alarm is received, the equipment that can automatically or manually start the relevant fire fighting equipment and display its status is called a fire control equipment. Mainly include fire alarm controller, control device of automatic fire extinguishing system, control device of indoor fire hydrant system, control device of smoke prevention and smoke exhaust system and air-conditioning ventilation system, normally open fire door, control device of fire shutter, and elevator fall control Equipment, and some or all of the control devices such as fire emergency broadcasting, fire alarm devices, fire communication equipment, fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator control devices. Fire control equipment is generally installed in the fire control center to facilitate centralized and unified control. Some fire control equipment is also installed on the site where the fire fighting equipment is controlled. However, the action signal must be returned to the fire control room to implement a combination of centralized and decentralized control.

power supply

The automatic fire alarm system belongs to fire-fighting electrical equipment. The main power source should be fire-fighting power, and the standby power should be battery. Apart from supplying power to the fire alarm controller, the system power supply also supplies power to the system-related fire control equipment.