1. Poor Construction Quality
One of the main reasons for failures is poor construction quality. The most common issues include insufficient depth of cable trenches, improper installation of sand-covered bricks, and non-compliance with standard procedures during the laying of cables. Additionally, the production and installation of conduit pipes are often substandard, with ends not properly prepared. Another issue is the incorrect installation of pre-buried pipes, which are sometimes too thin or have a noticeable curve, making it difficult to pull the cable through and causing "dead bends" at the bottom of the foundation. In addition, the crimping of wire terminals and insulation wrapping are often inadequate, leading to short circuits after prolonged use.
2. Substandard Materials
Material quality has also been a major concern in recent years. Many faults can be traced back to low-quality materials used in the cables. For example, some wires contain less aluminum than required, making them harder and more prone to damage. The insulation layers are often too thin, which increases the risk of breakdown over time. This problem has become increasingly common and contributes significantly to system failures.
3. Poor Quality of Supporting Projects
Cable installations for garden lights are typically done on sidewalks. However, if the sidewalk construction is subpar, it can lead to ground subsidence, putting unnecessary stress on the cables and causing damage to their armor. In colder regions, such as the northeast, winter conditions cause the soil and cables to freeze together. If the ground sinks, the cables at the base of the lamp post can be stretched or damaged. During heavy summer rains, water can also cause instability at the base of the lamp, further increasing the risk of failure.
4. Unreasonable Design
Design flaws also play a significant role in these failures. One key issue is overloading. As urban development continues, more garden lights are being installed, and the electrical load on existing circuits is increasing. New installations often place multiple lights close together, leading to excessive current draw. Additionally, the rapid growth of the advertising industry has led to more loads being connected to the same circuits, causing overheating of cables and terminals. Overheating reduces insulation effectiveness and can lead to grounding or short-circuit failures. Another design flaw is the lack of space for cable joints, resulting in improperly sealed connections. Sometimes, the cable length is insufficient, and the joints are not made according to standards, further contributing to system failures.
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