In a video surveillance system, what kind of storage solution is selected directly determines the system architecture of the entire system and the performance and stability of the system. At present, there are basically two types of storage solutions in the video surveillance system. One of the video surveillance system storage solutions is to use a DVR device with a certain storage capacity (such as 1.2T) at the front end of the camera surveillance. All the required data is stored in the front-end DVR storage device. In a better solution, the background software can manage And maintain multiple DVR devices, including these DVR device storage data, such as video transfer, delete and playback functions. All data in this scheme is mainly stored in the DVR. The background is mainly responsible for maintenance and necessary storage.
The Other is to use a DVR or network video server at the front end of the camera surveillance, and the storage is mainly at the remote end through the background of the PC or server software to save the data on the background of the storage device.
Both of the above two storage solutions have many drawbacks, especially when the number of monitoring points is large and the amount of storage required is very large. These possible drawbacks include: difficulty in maintaining due to storage decentralization; storage due to low storage expertise The reliability is not high, which leads to low reliability of the entire system; the utilization of storage is not high; and the scalability of storage is not good.
In order to overcome these drawbacks, it is now recommended to use an IP SAN based on distributed storage, centralized management, and iSCSI technology as the storage solution for video surveillance. The main features of this solution include:
1, distributed storage, centralized management;
2. IP SAN based on iSCSI technology (STorageAreaNetwork);
3, streaming media gateways can be used as the core device of the storage solution.
Distributed Storage, Centralized Management In this scenario, there are three levels:
1. Superior monitoring center: There is usually only one superior monitoring center, which is mainly composed of digital matrix, authentication server and VSTARClerk software.
2. Local monitoring center: There can be multiple local monitoring centers, which can be set according to geographical locations or established in accordance with administrative affiliation. They are mainly composed of digital matrix, streaming media gateways, iSCSI storage devices, VSTARRecorder software, etc.; audio and video data are Mainly stored in the local monitoring center, this is the concept of distributed storage.
3, monitoring front-end: mainly by the camera, network video server, which VE4000 series of network video servers can bring hard drives, the hard disk is mainly used for the network is not smooth, temporarily save the audio and video data, or need to save some in the front-end The situation of important data.
The storage equipment of the local monitoring center can also use a server with SCSI disk arrays. However, due to the limited network transceiver performance of the server, which affects the performance of the entire storage system, it is recommended to select professional iSCSI storage devices.
IP SAN based on iSCSI technology
iSCSI principle
This is a new Internet protocol based on storage networks developed by the IETF. The principle is to transmit SCSI commands over an IP network. This will make it easier to transfer data over the network and enable remote storage management.
iSCSI enables standard SCSI commands to be transferred between host systems (initiators) and storage devices (targets) on a TCP/IP network, and the iSCSI protocol supports the transfer of standard SCSI commands between systems. The connection between systems is implemented through a standard IP network infrastructure. The working principle of iSCSI is that after a terminal user or application (initiator) sends a request, the operating system generates an appropriate SCSI command and data request. SCSI commands are encapsulated and perform encryption when encryption is required. These commands, plus the header of the TCP/IP protocol, can be transmitted over Ethernet. The receiving end (target) will unpack in the opposite direction after receiving this data packet, parse out the SCSI command and data request, and send the SCSI command to the SCSI storage device driver. Because iSCSI is a bidirectional protocol, it can Return data to the original request.
IPSAN-based network storage solution
In this solution, the network video server needs to support the iSCSI protocol and is the initiator, while the iSCSI storage device located in the monitoring center is the target. The iSCSI storage device in the local monitoring center can serve as a storage device for multiple network video servers, and the iSCSI storage device can be externally taped to further expand the storage capacity.
Network storage solution with streaming media gateway
In a network storage solution, each network video server occupies one IP address. If you want to perform remote monitoring over the Internet, the IP address of the network video server must be a public IP address. In normal cases, public IP addresses are rare resources. In addition, remote monitoring is limited by the capacity of the network and the impact of network congestion. Bandwidth is usually not guaranteed, which inconveniences remote monitoring. Now, there is a streaming media gateway on the market that can solve these two problems.
The streaming media gateway is an embedded hardware device. All packet forwarding is based on hardware forwarding (if software forwarding, the performance does not meet the requirements), and the forwarding capability can reach 1 Gbps or more. The main features of this streaming media gateway include:
1, support NAT conversion function;
2. Support video distribution function. When multiple remote monitoring users access the same network video server, they need to send a request to the streaming media gateway. Then the streaming media gateway sends a request to the network video server, and the streaming media gateway receives the request. After the data of the network video server (note that there is only one data flow between the video server and the streaming media gateway), it is responsible for distributing to the remote monitoring users;
3, support video on demand services, remote users can complete video on demand through the streaming media gateway;
4, support iSCSI Initiator.
The above functional streaming media gateways can also be configured separately.
Conclusion
In the current video surveillance system, the performance and reliability of the video surveillance system caused by the limitations of the storage solution are constantly plagued by us. The iSCSI-based IP SAN storage solution is undoubtedly a good solution to the storage problem, especially when iSCSI is used. When the performance of storage devices continues to increase and prices keep declining, adopting this approach is an inevitable choice. It is convinced that iSCSI-based storage solutions will gradually become the mainstream of storage technologies in large-scale network video surveillance.
The Other is to use a DVR or network video server at the front end of the camera surveillance, and the storage is mainly at the remote end through the background of the PC or server software to save the data on the background of the storage device.
Both of the above two storage solutions have many drawbacks, especially when the number of monitoring points is large and the amount of storage required is very large. These possible drawbacks include: difficulty in maintaining due to storage decentralization; storage due to low storage expertise The reliability is not high, which leads to low reliability of the entire system; the utilization of storage is not high; and the scalability of storage is not good.
In order to overcome these drawbacks, it is now recommended to use an IP SAN based on distributed storage, centralized management, and iSCSI technology as the storage solution for video surveillance. The main features of this solution include:
1, distributed storage, centralized management;
2. IP SAN based on iSCSI technology (STorageAreaNetwork);
3, streaming media gateways can be used as the core device of the storage solution.
Distributed Storage, Centralized Management In this scenario, there are three levels:
1. Superior monitoring center: There is usually only one superior monitoring center, which is mainly composed of digital matrix, authentication server and VSTARClerk software.
2. Local monitoring center: There can be multiple local monitoring centers, which can be set according to geographical locations or established in accordance with administrative affiliation. They are mainly composed of digital matrix, streaming media gateways, iSCSI storage devices, VSTARRecorder software, etc.; audio and video data are Mainly stored in the local monitoring center, this is the concept of distributed storage.
3, monitoring front-end: mainly by the camera, network video server, which VE4000 series of network video servers can bring hard drives, the hard disk is mainly used for the network is not smooth, temporarily save the audio and video data, or need to save some in the front-end The situation of important data.
The storage equipment of the local monitoring center can also use a server with SCSI disk arrays. However, due to the limited network transceiver performance of the server, which affects the performance of the entire storage system, it is recommended to select professional iSCSI storage devices.
IP SAN based on iSCSI technology
iSCSI principle
This is a new Internet protocol based on storage networks developed by the IETF. The principle is to transmit SCSI commands over an IP network. This will make it easier to transfer data over the network and enable remote storage management.
iSCSI enables standard SCSI commands to be transferred between host systems (initiators) and storage devices (targets) on a TCP/IP network, and the iSCSI protocol supports the transfer of standard SCSI commands between systems. The connection between systems is implemented through a standard IP network infrastructure. The working principle of iSCSI is that after a terminal user or application (initiator) sends a request, the operating system generates an appropriate SCSI command and data request. SCSI commands are encapsulated and perform encryption when encryption is required. These commands, plus the header of the TCP/IP protocol, can be transmitted over Ethernet. The receiving end (target) will unpack in the opposite direction after receiving this data packet, parse out the SCSI command and data request, and send the SCSI command to the SCSI storage device driver. Because iSCSI is a bidirectional protocol, it can Return data to the original request.
IPSAN-based network storage solution
In this solution, the network video server needs to support the iSCSI protocol and is the initiator, while the iSCSI storage device located in the monitoring center is the target. The iSCSI storage device in the local monitoring center can serve as a storage device for multiple network video servers, and the iSCSI storage device can be externally taped to further expand the storage capacity.
Network storage solution with streaming media gateway
In a network storage solution, each network video server occupies one IP address. If you want to perform remote monitoring over the Internet, the IP address of the network video server must be a public IP address. In normal cases, public IP addresses are rare resources. In addition, remote monitoring is limited by the capacity of the network and the impact of network congestion. Bandwidth is usually not guaranteed, which inconveniences remote monitoring. Now, there is a streaming media gateway on the market that can solve these two problems.
The streaming media gateway is an embedded hardware device. All packet forwarding is based on hardware forwarding (if software forwarding, the performance does not meet the requirements), and the forwarding capability can reach 1 Gbps or more. The main features of this streaming media gateway include:
1, support NAT conversion function;
2. Support video distribution function. When multiple remote monitoring users access the same network video server, they need to send a request to the streaming media gateway. Then the streaming media gateway sends a request to the network video server, and the streaming media gateway receives the request. After the data of the network video server (note that there is only one data flow between the video server and the streaming media gateway), it is responsible for distributing to the remote monitoring users;
3, support video on demand services, remote users can complete video on demand through the streaming media gateway;
4, support iSCSI Initiator.
The above functional streaming media gateways can also be configured separately.
Conclusion
In the current video surveillance system, the performance and reliability of the video surveillance system caused by the limitations of the storage solution are constantly plagued by us. The iSCSI-based IP SAN storage solution is undoubtedly a good solution to the storage problem, especially when iSCSI is used. When the performance of storage devices continues to increase and prices keep declining, adopting this approach is an inevitable choice. It is convinced that iSCSI-based storage solutions will gradually become the mainstream of storage technologies in large-scale network video surveillance.
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