In reality, an energy-saving lamp functions as a compact fluorescent bulb that comes equipped with a ballast. Once the energy-saving lamp is turned on, the electronic ballast heats up the filament inside the lamp. At the start, electrons are released from the filament because of the special coating applied to it. These electrons then collide with argon atoms present within the lamp tube. Following these collisions, energy is produced which in turn strikes the mercury atoms inside the tube. Upon absorbing this energy, the mercury atoms become ionized, leading to the formation of a plasma state.
The voltage applied across the lamp passes through this plasma, emitting ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 253.7nm. This ultraviolet light activates the phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp, causing them to glow. While operating, the filament of a fluorescent lamp typically reaches a temperature of around 1160K, which is significantly cooler than the 2200K-2700K temperatures experienced by incandescent bulbs. This lower operating temperature not only enhances the lifespan of the energy-saving lamp but also extends its operational life to over 5,000 hours. Additionally, due to the use of high-efficiency electronic ballasts and the absence of the thermal effects associated with incandescent lamps, the phosphors convert energy into light with remarkable efficiency, achieving luminous efficacy of more than 50 lumens per watt. This makes energy-saving lamps highly energy-efficient compared to traditional lighting options.
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