First, Mao Shi (divided into chaotic stone and flat stone)
Building stone (3 photos)
Second, the stone (divided into wool stone, coarse stone, semi-fine stone, fine stone)
Third, facing stone
1. Natural Granite Plate
In architectural decoration projects, granite refers to a type of decorative stone composed mainly of quartz and feldspar, with small amounts of mica and dark minerals. It includes various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks such as granite, diabase, gabbro, basalt, and peridotite. One of the key characteristics of granite is its uniform granular structure, known as the granite structure.
1. Features
Granite has a compact structure, high strength, and great density. It exhibits extremely low water absorption, making it hard, wear-resistant, and acid-resistant. This makes it an ideal choice for long-term use in construction. Chemically, granite contains a high percentage of SiOâ‚‚ (often over 60%), which classifies it as an acidic stone. As a result, it resists acid, weathering, and offers excellent durability. However, due to the presence of quartz, when exposed to high temperatures, it can expand and crack, making it unsuitable for fire-prone areas.
2. Classification, Grades, and Technical Requirements
Natural granite plates are categorized into four types based on their shape: MG, PX, HM, and YX. Depending on the surface finish, they can be classified into three types: thin plate (YG), mirror panel (JM), and thick plate (CM). According to the national standard GB/T 18601-2009, natural granite building panels are divided into three grades—superior (A), first-class (B), and qualified (C)—based on factors like dimensional deviation, flatness, angular tolerance, and appearance quality.
Technical requirements for natural granite slabs include specifications for dimensional tolerances, flatness, angularity, appearance, and physical properties.
3. Natural Radioactivity
Natural radioactivity in stone is a common concern. However, most natural stones contain very low levels of radioactive materials that do not pose a health risk. Some granite products may have higher radiation levels, which could lead to environmental issues over time. The national standard GB6566-2011 sets limits on radionuclide content in building materials, including granite, ceramics, and gypsum products. These materials are classified into three categories: A, B, and C, depending on their radiation levels. Class A materials can be used freely, while Class B is restricted to exterior use in certain buildings, and Class C is only suitable for exterior applications.
Granite and marble that exceed the radiation limit may release radioactive gases like radon during decay. Radon is a colorless, odorless, and invisible gas that accumulates in poorly ventilated spaces, potentially causing lung damage and other health issues.
Currently, most natural stone products in China meet Class A standards, but a small number of B and C grade products still exist. To ensure safety, it's recommended to use stones that have been tested for radiation and certified accordingly. In addition, regular ventilation in living areas helps reduce indoor pollution from radon and other harmful gases.
4. Applications
Granite plates are widely used in high-end interior and exterior decoration projects, especially in large public buildings. Due to its resistance to weathering, granite maintains its appearance for over 100 years. Rough or finely finished granite is often used for outdoor flooring, walls, columns, baseboards, and steps. Mirror-polished granite is ideal for indoor and outdoor floors, walls, countertops, and entryways, particularly in large public spaces like lobbies and halls.
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