Peat is formed by the accumulation of decaying biomass in an oxygen-deficient, humid environment. Peat is mainly composed of decaying plants and humus. For peat, the most important indicators are the degree of decay, water content, mineral (ash) content, density and calorific value.
Peat is formed by the accumulation of decaying biomass in an oxygen-deficient, humid environment. Peat is mainly composed of decaying plants and humus. For peat, the most important indicators are the degree of decay, water content, mineral (ash) content, density and calorific value.
Although peat comes from plant remains, it is usually not considered a renewable energy source. The carbon dioxide produced by peat combustion is included in greenhouse gases, which is no different from fossil fuels.
The degree of decay of organic biomass in peat is usually based on the linear ten-point von Post humification standard, designated H1-H10. In this scale, H1 indicates substantially no decay, while H10 indicates that organic tissue is no longer distinguishable by the naked eye.
Highly humified peat is usually used as fuel.
The main types of peat include fine peat, humus peat, peat pellets and peat briquettes.
The typical composition of fuel peat is:
· Ash content 4% to 6%;
· Dry basis fixed carbon 23% -31%;
· Dry base volatiles 65% ~ 70%;
· Received base moisture content:
1) grinding fine peat 48%;
2) humus peat 35%;
3) Peat compact 10%.
The structure and properties of peat are highly dependent on the degree of humification as shown in the following table:
Effect of degree of humification on the composition of the received peat fuel
ingredient | (H1 ~ H2) | (H5～H6) | (H9 to H10) |
Cellulose | 15~20 | 5~15 | - |
Hemicellulose | 15~30 | 10~25 | 0 to 2 |
Lignin | 5~40 | 5~30 | 5~20 |
humus | 0 to 5 | 20~30 | 20~60 |
Asphaltene | 1 to 10 | 5~15 | 5~20 |
Nitrogen-rich material (simplified to protein content) | 3~14 | 5~20 | 5~25 |
Effect of degree of humification on elemental composition of dry peat fuel (% by mass)
Degree of humification | Dry element analysis /% | |||
C | H | N | O | |
(H1 ~ H2) | 48~50 | 5.5 to 6.5 | 0.5 to 1 | 38~42 |
(H5～H6) | 53~54 | 5.0～6.0 | 1 to 2 | 35～40 |
(H9 to H10) | 58～60 | 5.0 to 5.5 | 1 to 3 | 30~35 |
Peat belongs to the humus fuel series (biomass-peat-brown coal-coal-hard coal). A comparison of these fuels shows that as the degree of humification increases, the carbon content gradually increases. This law is also reflected in the peat itself. Some peat that is not thoroughly rotted has caused trouble for its own application. Due to its high hygroscopicity, it is usually diluted by moist air, while the low bulk density and the low compressibility result in difficulties in transportation and combustion. Thus, as already mentioned, highly humified peat is generally used as a fuel.
The average characteristics of the two types of peat are shown in the following table:
name | Water content | Ash | Dry radical content | Status calorific value | Bulk density | Energy Density |
Ground peat | 48.5 | 5.1 | 68.6 | 9.6 | 341 | 0.89 |
Humus peat | 38.9 | 1.5 | 68.9 | 11.9 | 387 | 1.27 |
The melting temperature of peat ash is lower than that of wood fuel ash, as shown in the following table:
name | Ash melting temperature (lowest value - average - highest value) / °C | ||
Softening temperature | Hemisphere temperature | Flow temperature | |
Ground peat (VTT) | 1100-1130-1190 | 1200-1253-1375 | 1205-12901430 |
Humus peat (VTT) | 1040-1136-1335 | 1145-12773-1415 | 1172-1308-1490 |
Humic Peat (Vapor) | 1130-1218-1340 | 1160-1252-1380 | 1180-1292-1470 |
The composition and characteristics of ash depend on the type of peat bog, the conditions of peat formation, and the quantity and characteristics of impurities.
Sanmenxia Futong New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. produces and sells biomass fuel feed molding machinery such as pellet machine, straw briquetting machine, straw pellet machine and feed pellet machine.
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