Optimization of PDM implementation methods

I. Introduction

The intensification of market competition and the development of computer technology make enterprise informationization inevitable. Product Data Management (PDM) is an important part of enterprise informationization, realizing enterprise information integration, improving enterprise management level and product development efficiency. Other aspects play an important role. In developed countries in Europe and America, PDM has been widely used and its implementation has been relatively successful. In China, with the continuous application of computer technology in enterprises, many enterprises have begun to realize the necessity of implementing PDM. Some enterprises Already or preparing to implement PDM.

Different from the high success rate of PDM implementation in developed countries in Europe and America, some domestic enterprises implement PDM only to realize simple image file management, fail to give full play to the functions of PDM system, and some users are not highly customized, and the application is not convenient. There are only a handful of companies that have successfully applied PDM systems (especially enterprise-level PDM systems). The reason for the above phenomenon is that the PDM system is different from the general CAD and other application systems, and it requires a long period of implementation, customization, and customization of the PDM system. Moreover, the quality of the implementation will directly affect whether PDM will fully play its role in the enterprise and achieve the desired results. The implementation of PDM is a systems engineering and requires good implementation guidance. Although well-known foreign PDM manufacturers generally have a set of implementation plans matching their products, these programs often target the working mode of European and American companies, which is not in line with the actual situation in China. The high risk value, low success rate and long implementation of PDM implementation have become obstacles for enterprises in PDM application, and will further affect the further development of PDM market, the improvement of enterprise informationization and the shortening of product development cycle. Therefore, an implementation method suitable for China's national conditions is urgently needed to guide enterprises to implement PDM.

Second, the traditional PDM implementation steps

Although the PDM implementation is highly customized, the specific steps for implementing PDM projects in different enterprises may be quite different, but the abstract implementation steps are consistent. The implementation of the PDM system generally includes the following steps (as shown in Figure-1):

Determine implementation scope and objectives

First, we must determine the scope of management supported by the PDM system, whether it is for work groups, departments, enterprises, or cross-regional enterprises. Second, to determine the scope of application of PDM, is the general process management of image file management, design and manufacturing, or A wider range of applications; then determine the time span of implementation, whether to complete a certain goal in turn, or to complete the phased; finally determine the goals to be achieved by the PDM implementation.

Organize teams, draw up plans

After the goal is clear, it is important to quickly establish a PDM implementation group as a specialized agency for implementation, responsible for the implementation and application of PDM. The implementation team will draw up a specific plan for implementation to determine the progress of the project.

Software selection, personnel training

According to the objectives to be achieved by the enterprise and the functional requirements for PDM implementation, select and purchase appropriate PDM software, conduct training for relevant personnel, and determine suitable partners according to needs.

Data collection and analysis

This phase requires an analysis of four aspects related to PDM implementation: people, data, activities, and infrastructure. Personnel refers to clarifying the organizational relationship of personnel and their responsibilities; data refers to the organizational structure of data objects and data objects to be clearly defined; activities refer to the process of clarifying activities and determining which processes are designed for PDM implementation. Defining the data of the activities and supporting activities in the process, the staffing and the data generated by the activities, etc. The infrastructure refers to the situation of the existing information infrastructure of the enterprise, and whether it can meet the requirements of PDM implementation.

Information modeling

Information modeling is based on the results obtained during the data collection and analysis phase. Six models of resumes are generally required: personnel management model, product object data model, product structure management model, product configuration model, process management model, and information integration model. It also defines the user interface and the integrated structure of the application system and the PDM system.

Figure - Basic steps for 1PDM implementation

System customization and integrated development

Using the customization tools and development tools provided by the PDM system, the detailed design content is re-developed in the selected PDM software, so that each model can be realized in the PDM system. At this stage, the integration of PDM software with CAD/CAM system, MRPII system, document editing system and other application software will be completed to prepare for the next phase of "system implementation".

System Implementation

After completing the above steps, the following work is required: system trial run and test to find out the problems in the operation and timely correction; user use and training; and establish rules and regulations to ensure the safe and stable operation of PDM.

System adjustment

The previous work refers to the sequential cycle of completing the PDM implementation. When the system is tested and found to have problems after testing, the original design should be re-adjusted, or new content should be added according to the needs of the enterprise, and the next round of implementation cycle should be entered.

Since the traditional PDM implementation method adopts the serial working mode, that is, the next phase of work is started after the previous phase of work, and only the cycle is formed during the whole process of PDM implementation, which is highly likely to be in "data collection and analysis". The problems that were formed during the phase were discovered only in the “system implementation”, and were improved only when “system adjustment” and the next “determination of implementation scope and objectives”. This not only wastes a lot of manpower and material resources, increases the implementation cost, but also extends the implementation cycle, and the implementation effect is not guaranteed. At the same time, because the organization of some domestic enterprises is not standardized, the work process is not standard, and the PDM system directly constructed by demand analysis and system planning is difficult in the practical application of the enterprise, which easily leads to the halfway of PDM implementation.

Third, the new PDM implementation method

Since PDM involves many departments and existing application systems, a systematic view should be adopted in PDM planning and implementation. Successful PDM implementation is largely dependent on implementation methods, not technical factors. A complete PDM implementation needs to be guided by a reasonable implementation methodology. A successful PDM implementation methodology should cover the entire lifecycle of the implementation, provide full quality control, include industry experience and KnowHow technology, and be easily accepted by users.

According to the characteristics of domestic enterprises, the organization of personnel is not standardized, and the work process is not standard. Contacting PDM implementation to improve the enterprise is not only in terms of technology, but also should be adjusted in terms of management. Therefore, an enterprise structure is added in the PDM implementation process. The stage of optimization. Through the structural optimization of the enterprise, the original unreasonable process and personnel structure will be adjusted to create conditions for PDM implementation. At the same time, the PDM implementation process is divided into different stages, and the work content, tools used and expected results of each stage are clearly defined, and the results obtained in the previous stages can be tested according to the analysis results of this stage to detect errors and return to the revision as soon as possible. Therefore, the loop is formed locally, and then rises from the local to the whole, ensuring the smooth and complete implementation process of the entire PDM. In actual application, the stages of PDM implementation can be further divided into different tasks or activities. The weighted directed graphs are arranged for each activity in the whole PDM implementation process, and the fastest implementation route is found and carried out. Work schedule and staff assignment. The stages of the entire PDM implementation process are as follows (as shown in Figure 2):

Test through post-service user confirmation user confirmation target definition system adjustment test plan system test system construction system design demand analysis demand collection target analysis structure optimization

Figure-2 PDM implementation phase based on local loop

Goal definition: The goal definition phase builds a solid foundation for the entire project and must define the object, scope and purpose of the system. This stage begins with the project initialization meeting. Its main purpose is to think broadly and define the scope of work to be studied to clarify the project requirements. The result of the meeting is to generate an understanding state text.

Target analysis and structure optimization: Under the premise of the results of the previous stage, the implementation objectives of the enterprise are analyzed, and the theoretical correctness and feasibility in practice are analyzed separately. If there are problems, the changes are returned. At the same time, the existing structure and working mode of the enterprise are optimized to provide conditions for the implementation of PDM. It needs to define the process of demand collection and generate a work status report for the final implementation plan and a test plan report that requires user approval.

Demand collection: Organizational technologists use a variety of ways to collect requirements, including field trips, interviews, and more. After the project is initialized, the amount of work required to collect and analyze the user's needs to generate the work state can be predicted, and the product configuration order agreed by the user will move forward along with the workflow.

Demand Analysis: The analysis phase is the first time to check the system implementer's understanding of the company's business process and user needs, and also improve and improve based on feedback information. In the analysis phase, the customer's solution is generated by analyzing the requirements. Use expertise to evaluate the needs of the collection and propose solutions that best meet the needs of users. The quality of demand analysis also directly determines whether the proposed system can be implemented at a fixed price. If the user's budget cannot be changed, then the user demand collection process may require multiple iterations to ensure that the system is implemented at a fixed price. At this stage, it is also required to determine the requirements analysis of the implementation and the planning of the work status. The result of the analysis phase is the work status document, which details the implementation plan. The implementation of the project really begins after the user approves the work status and agrees to the proposed product order. Otherwise, the implementation of the project will not start.

System Design: The design phase is based on the previous requirements gathering and analysis. The goal of the design team is to enable the system to meet the requirements of the business process. The design phase is another check of the requirements gathering and analysis phase. In the design phase, the completion of the entire system is accomplished through the implementation of various working states. For the system to be implemented, in the detailed design process, it may be necessary to redefine the requirements analysis, which can shorten the design phase and enter the construction and testing phases as soon as possible. Spending more time on the design is more valuable than rework in the construction and testing phases. In the design phase, the user team and the implementation analytics developer need to work closely together. Implementation Analysis The developer must ensure that the design of the technology meets the user's needs; the user's project team leader should coordinate the design and evaluation of the initialization phase.

System Construction and Testing: Detailed design is generated during the construction and testing phases, and the detailed design needs to be approved by the user before the actual implementation begins. The developer is responsible for detailed design and unit testing, including the creation, modification, and functional testing of software objects. The implementation project team leader manages the construction and testing phases through close collaboration with experts and users. During the construction and testing phases, test specifications must be developed and approved by the user. The construction and testing phases cannot be completed until each test unit and the entire integrated system proves that it meets the requirements of the enterprise. The work status should specify the person in charge of the system integration and the person in charge of the system test.

Post-service: After the test passed, it entered the post-service phase. At this time, the user has accepted the PDM system, and the enterprise has begun to use the new system. The service phase ensures a smooth transition of the enterprise operation to the new system. The service phase includes porting the newly constructed system to the production environment and supporting the system during the migration process. During the service phase, there may be some minor issues that need to be corrected. Once the system is constructed and ported to the production system, the implementation development team expects the user to be able to maintain the system.

Fourth, the conclusion

Enterprise implementation of PDM plays an important role in improving time efficiency, shortening time to market, improving the accuracy and consistency of design and manufacturing, and promoting total quality management. The successful application of PDM systems in enterprises must be guided by the implementation of methodologies. Therefore, proposing a set of implementation methodology suitable for China's national conditions will be conducive to the promotion of PDM applications, providing enterprises with an environment to achieve CIMS, and has a very practical significance in improving productivity and enhancing enterprise competitiveness.

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