In recent years, as the variety and design of ceramic tiles have expanded, they have become a popular choice for home decoration. However, reports from the State Administration for Industry and Commerce reveal that some tiles on the market still emit excessive levels of radiation, posing potential health risks to consumers.
Experts explain that prolonged exposure to high levels of radon—a naturally occurring radioactive gas—can lead to cellular changes in the body. Radon is colorless, odorless, and easily absorbed by fat, making it particularly dangerous when inhaled. It originates from radium, a radioactive element found in certain types of ceramic tiles.
When radium decays, it produces radon gas. Some of this gas can be expelled through breathing, while the rest may settle in the respiratory tract or enter the digestive system, potentially damaging the respiratory system and reducing immunity. Due to its affinity for body fat, long-term exposure to radon can also affect the nervous system, causing fatigue and drowsiness. Prolonged inhalation of radon has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
In addition to internal radiation, ceramic tiles can also emit external radiation from elements like gamma and beta rays, which come from the decay of radium and thorium. Gamma rays are highly penetrating and can damage lymphocytes, weakening the immune system. Beta rays, though less penetrating, can still affect children more significantly due to their proximity to the floor.
If tiles in your home become damaged, it’s important to repair them promptly. Broken tile particles may be inhaled or ingested, increasing the risk of radiation exposure. Experts recommend avoiding tiling in children’s rooms, as radon tends to accumulate near the ground. Keeping windows open regularly helps reduce indoor radon levels.
Avoid using strong acid-based cleaners, as they can accelerate tile aging and increase the risk of inhaling dust. While these cleaners don’t cause radioactivity, they can worsen the condition of the tiles. Among all types, ultra-white polished tiles tend to have higher radiation levels, while glazed tiles often trap more radioactive elements on their surfaces.
For safer choices, consider matte finish tiles, as they are less likely to reflect light and reduce eye strain. Since radioactive materials are invisible and odorless, it's difficult to tell if tiles exceed safety standards. If possible, limit the use of tiles in your home and opt for alternative materials when possible.
When purchasing ceramic tiles, check for quality by testing water absorption. Place a drop of water on the back of the tile; the slower it spreads, the better. Also, inspect the surface for pinholes and listen to the sound when tapping the tile—the clearer and denser the sound, the higher the quality. Scratching the surface with a hard object can help assess glaze quality.
Lastly, compare colors carefully. Tiles with noticeable color differences may affect the overall appearance of your space. Always check multiple packages to ensure consistency.
Currently, about 90% of ceramic tiles meet safety standards. Choosing products from reputable manufacturers minimizes radiation risks. In fact, natural stones can sometimes be more radioactive than tiles. Generally, darker or more vibrant colors indicate higher radioactivity. For example, “Cuckoo Green†stone is known to have one of the highest levels of radioactivity. Always verify the source and safety of any material you use in your home.
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