Variable programming is different from programming rules on CNC machines with different systems, such as macro programming on FANUC CNC machines and R parameter programming on SIEMENS machines . Here is an example of the FANUC system.
1. Programming of cylindrical curved threads
(1) Conventional programming method The cylindrical curved thread shown in Fig. 1 is used for the round turning tool. The groove has a section radius of 10 mm and a blade radius of 3 mm. If the general programming method is used, 31 feeds are used. The procedure is as follows.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cylindrical arc thread
O003;
N10 G54 T0101 S300 M03;
N11 G00 X200 Z57 M08; (to the beginning of the first knife)
N12 G92 X100 Z-118 F'25; (cut the first knife)
N13 G00 Z56.962; (to the 2nd knife starting point)
N14 G92 X98.537 Z-118; (cut 2nd knife)
......
N69 G00 Z43.038; (to the 30th knife starting point)
N70 G92 X98.537 Z-118; (cut 30th knife)
N71 G00 Z43; (to the 31st knife starting point)
N72 G92 X100 Z-118; (cut the 3l knife)
N73 G00 X300 Z200 M09;
N74 M05;
N75 M30;
This program has a total of 66 segments, of which 62 segments are used for the spiral groove. If you find that the surface roughness of the spiral groove does not meet the requirements, you need to further refine the infeed program, and the number of blocks will increase exponentially.
(2) Variable programming (macro program)
O004;
N1 #1=0; (the first knife starts from 0°)
N2 G54 T0101 S300 M03;
N3 G00 X200 Z[50+7* COS[#1]] M08; (reaching the starting point of the knife)
N4 G92 X[100-14*SIN[#1]] Z-118 F25; (cut a knife)
N5 #1=[#l]+6; (add 6° to the angle just)
N6 IF[#1 LE 180] GOTO3; (If the angle is less than or equal to 180°, turn back to N3)
N7 G00 X300 Z200 M09;
N8 M05;
N9 M30;
In this program, the angle takes the absolute value. Since the semi-circular spiral groove is turned by 31 infeeds (30 intervals), the angle between the adjacent two knives is 6°, so in the N5 section, "the angle is just added by 6°".
If the roughness of the program is not met, the step angle of the fifth step can be reduced. This program is only used for finishing cars with a small amount of allowance. For roughing (when the blank is a cylindrical material), a corresponding macro program should also be programmed. Even if it is a fine car, if the margin is not very small, the angle of the car should be greater than 180 °, especially when starting the feed. In other words, the first knife should start from a negative angle, otherwise the first knife will cut too much.
2. Programming of compound curved threads
The arc program in Fig. 2 is on the arc surface, and the tool used is the same as the upper example, and the blade radius is 3 mm. The procedure is as follows.
Figure 2 composite curved thread
G54 T0101 G40 G97 M3 S300;
G0 X120 Z12 M8;
#1 = 360; (section arc judgment condition, angle unit)
WHILE [#1 GE 180] DO1; (section arc judgment condition)
#2 = 1.5 * SIN [#1]; (Calculating the section arc X coordinate)
#3 = 1.5 * COS [#1] ; (Calculate the cross-section arc Z-coordinate)
#4=15; (Envelope circle starting coordinate Z value)
WHILE [#4 GE -15] DO2; (Helical envelope judgment condition)
#5 = SQRT [59.5*59.5-#4*#4]; (Calculating envelope X-direction coordinates)
G32 X [2*[#5-16.5+#2]] Z [#4-15+#3] F11; (calculate the X and Z values ​​in the workpiece coordinate system and interpolate)
#4=[#4]-1; (envelope circle variable)
END2;
G32 Z-38 F11;
#1=[#1]-5; (Amount of change in section arc angle)
G0 X120; (retraction)
Z12; (retraction)
END1 ;
G0 G40 X200 Z12;
M30;
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