Foreign-funded monopoly parts and China's dependence on Japanese auto parts are very high. In 2013, China's auto parts imported from Japan amounted to US$9.58 billion, accounting for 27% of total imports. Although the import value of auto parts is lower than that of Germany, Japan's The core manufacturing technology has obvious advantages. Except for the effect of the yen's depreciation effect, the gearbox and clutch imports accounted for 45%, the brakes accounted for 33%, and the core parts imports accounted for much higher than Germany.
The “horizontal monopoly†caused by foreign monopoly parts and components to the auto market is based on incomplete statistics. As of 2013, foreign-owned and joint-venture auto parts companies in EMS engine control systems, airbags, ABS systems, three-way catalytic converters, electric sunroofs, air conditioners System, vehicle seat assembly, electric window regulator, lighting system, automatic transmission, high-pressure fuel pump and other systems and components, basically control the market share of up to 75%.
In countries where the automotive market is mature, component investment is usually greater than vehicle investment. The ratio of vehicle investment and component investment is usually 1:1.3 to 1:2. However, China's auto parts investment accounts for about 40% of the total vehicle investment. . The idea of ​​re-engineering and light-duty components not only makes the investment in parts and components smaller than the whole vehicle, but also the investment speed in the parts and components sector often lags behind the whole vehicle. The low overall investment level of parts including engine and chassis has become a constraint factor for the healthy development of the automobile industry chain. This has further induced the monopolistic behavior of the auto parts market. In order to manipulate the price, a company has a lower quotation in the bidding process, other companies raise the quotation, take the bid to win the bid, and jointly make a profit.
It is not difficult to understand why in the data of the “zero ratio†of the domestic common models released by the China Automobile Maintenance Association in April this year, the “zero ratio†coefficient of some domestic models is high. The price of the parts is manipulated, which directly affects the car zero ratio. The fundamental reason for the monopoly position of component manufacturers is that they have the core technological advantages and high technical barriers. It is difficult to change the anti-monopoly policy. At the same time as anti-monopoly, improving the technical strength of local parts and components enterprises is a long-term solution.
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