Crop insecticides, when used, the insecticidal effect is often very good, but as the dosage continues to increase and the scope of use continues to expand, cases of increased resistance have emerged. This is actually because pests develop resistance, which is the ability to endure the killing of most individuals in the normal population and develop them in their populations.
In fact, individuals with different degrees of sensitivity to pesticides exist in natural pest populations. The use of pesticides is actually the process by which insecticides play a selective role in insect populations. Each time the insecticide is used, the relatively resistant individual is left behind, killing the relatively sensitive individual, and the level of resistance of the pest population is more or less increased.
(1) Drug resistance is related to pests and their living habits. The life history is short, and the number of breeding algebras per year is high. The pests that have many opportunities to contact with the pharmacy, such as mites, shells, mites, mosquitoes, etc., are the most susceptible to resistant populations;
(2) A pest is resistant to a pesticide and is often resistant to other pesticides of the same type; such interactions are less likely to occur between drugs with different insecticidal mechanisms;
(3) The same pesticide is used continuously for a large number of times or a high concentration of treatment, and resistance is formed rapidly, and vice versa.
Knowing this, we can prevent or delay the rise of pest resistance through rational use of drugs. To this end, we advocate the adoption of comprehensive prevention and control policies including breeding, promotion of resistant varieties, improvement of cultivation techniques, and development of various technologies such as biology and physics to minimize the number and dose of chemical control.
The second is to choose pesticides with different mechanisms of action, mixed use and inlaid application.
The third is to improve the application of pesticides, such as symptomatic medication, timely spraying, selection of high-efficiency equipment, spraying in place, etc., to maximize the killing effect.
This can improve the effect of pesticides and pesticides.
(1) Timely medication
The whole growth period of pests is generally divided into four stages: adult, egg, cockroach and larva. The eggs, cockroaches and old larvae have strong resistance to medicine. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to the larvae before the third age and the nymphal period, when the drug resistance is weak, it is beneficial to improve the drug effect.
(2) Moderate medication
First, the amount of medication should not be too much. Second, the concentration of the drug solution should not be too high or too low. Too high will cause poisoning of humans and animals, causing phytotoxicity to crops. Too low insecticidal effect. To strictly follow the instructions on the pesticide label, adding water to prepare pesticides should not be arbitrary or careless.
(three) symptomatic medication
For sucking mouthparts pests (such as aphids, spider mites), it is better to use systemic pesticides. For chewing mouthparts, it is better to use stomach-toxic pesticides. Some pesticides, although having various functions such as stomach poisoning, systemic absorption, and fumigation, can prevent and control a variety of pests, but for different pests, there are still different effects, such as speed and height. Therefore, it should still be clear and reasonable.
(4) Rice field application
Keep the shallow water layer. First, there is water in the middle of the field. The pesticide falls into the water to form a film of medicine. Some pests, such as rice planthoppers, jump into the field when they are shocked, float on the surface of the water, and encounter poisonous membranes. Second, the aphids are harmed by drilling into the stem at the base of the stem of the rice near the surface of the stem. There is water in the field, and the tension of the water is used to allow the liquid to enter the wormhole and improve the killing effect. Third, after some pests are poisoned, fainting into the water will not only cause secondary poisoning, but also drowning to prevent reincarnation. Fourth, there is shallow water in the field. The sunny water temperature is higher than the temperature, which can increase the volatile amount of volatile pesticides such as dichlorvos, which is beneficial to improve the fumigation and insecticidal action.
(5) Spraying pesticides
To be in the dew, after the rain has dried, the droplets should be fine. Do not spray at high temperatures at noon. Therefore, when the pests are mostly hidden and inactive, the liquid will soon dry up, the insecticidal effect is poor, and it is easy to cause poisoning and phytotoxicity of humans and animals. For pests hidden in the lower part of the stem of the plant, such as rice planthopper, it is better to pour the pesticide with water. In order to let the syrup flow to the lower part and the pests, the insecticidal effect is enhanced. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the rotation of drugs to prevent pests from developing resistance. Rationally mix pesticides and treat multiple pests. Do not use hard water to prepare pesticides. Before using the drug, the sprayer should be cleaned, etc., all of which are important for improving the insecticidal effect of pesticides.
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