In the middle and late stages of summer maize, a variety of pests and diseases can affect the crop. Common pests include corn borers, armyworms, aphids, and red spider mites. Major diseases such as leaf spot, stem rot (both green and dry types), and rust can also pose serious threats. Effective forecasting and timely prevention are essential to ensure healthy growth.
When the infestation rate of corn borers reaches 10%, it is recommended to apply phoxim granules directly into the heart leaves of the corn plants. The dosage should be approximately 1 gram per plant. This method helps control the borer population effectively and prevents further damage.
For corn locust control, you can use 50% smog at a rate of 8 to 10 grams per mu, or 10% imidacloprid at 10 to 15 grams per acre mixed with 45 kilograms of water. These treatments help manage the locust population and protect the crop from significant losses.
To control armyworms, spraying with 2.5% deltamethrin diluted 1500 to 2000 times, or 50% phoxim diluted 1000 times, is effective. These solutions provide good coverage and reduce the risk of infestation.
Red spider mites become particularly active after the corn has tasseled, especially during hot and dry weather. When more than 10% of the leaves show signs of infestation, applying dicofol or omethoate at a dilution of 1000 times on the underside of the leaves can help manage the problem effectively.
For leaf spot disease, spraying with 50% carbendazim, 75% mancozeb, or 70% methyl thiophanate at a dilution of 500 times is recommended. These fungicides help prevent the spread of the disease and maintain the health of the crop.
Rust can be controlled in its early stages by using 25% powder rust WP or emulsifier diluted 1500 to 2000 times, 20% triazole sulfur suspension diluted 800 times, 40% polysulfur suspension diluted 600 times, or 50% ultra-sulfur suspending agent diluted 300 times. Regular application of these solutions can significantly reduce the impact of rust on the crop.
Bacterial wilt is best managed through prevention. If isolated diseased plants are found during the mid to late growth stages, root drenching with metalaxyl at 400 times dilution or carbendazim at 500 times dilution, using 500 ml of solution per plant, can help control the spread of the disease.
Source of information: Agricultural Science and Technology News
This comprehensive approach to pest and disease management ensures that farmers can take timely and effective action to protect their summer maize crops. By following these guidelines, they can improve yields and maintain the quality of their harvest.
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