After the artificial kidneys cultivated by the research team of the School of Medicine of Tokyo University of Science and Technology in Japan are transplanted into pigs and experimental rats, they can operate normally and discharge urine like natural kidneys. They say this is a step closer to artificially cultivating a fully functional alternative kidney.
According to the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), the artificial kidneys that scientists have cultivated before have been suffering from urination problems, which caused the kidneys to rupture under tremendous pressure. The Japanese research team has overcome the problem of urination by allowing artificial kidneys to grow more pipes to avoid the backlog of urine. Experts say that although this result has been experimental in humans for several years, it has pointed the way to achieving the ultimate goal of cultivating human organs.
At present, due to limited kidney resources, many people have died in the process of waiting for kidney transplant surgery. Artificial kidneys grown in the laboratory using human stem cells may solve this problem. Yokohama and colleagues at the Tsinghua University School of Medicine in Tokyo used methods related to stem cell culture, but they not only cultivated the kidneys for the host animals, but also urinary tubes and bladders that collect and store urine.
When the research team connected these organs or tissues to the original bladder of the host animal, the system worked successfully. Urine is drained from the implanted kidney into the implanted bladder and the original bladder of the experimental mouse. And after 8 weeks, they checked the transplanted system and the system was still working. The researchers replicated the same method on larger animal pigs and achieved the same success.
Professor Chris Mason, a stem cell and regenerative medicine expert at University College London, said: "This is an interesting advancement, but it does not mean that it is equally effective in the human body. We are still far from achieving this goal. However, the results of this study have brought us closer to understanding how the pipeline works in the kidneys."
It is reported that in addition to re-cultivating artificial kidneys, some scientists have tried to rejuvenate the old kidneys that are not suitable for transplant surgery. American regenerative medicine expert Harold Ott and colleagues are experimenting with a method of rinsing off tissue on an inanimate organ, leaving it with a scaffold that can regenerate new healthy cells. They used this method to develop organs such as the kidneys, heart and lungs. Ott said that the use of organ scaffolding is a shortcut, it does not need to cultivate the entire organization from scratch.
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