The utilization hours of power generation equipment refer to the indicators that reflect the degree of utilization of power generation equipment's production capacity and its level. Every year, the China Electric Power Enterprise Federation releases the annual utilization hours of generator sets over 6MW. The power industry supervisory department is also very concerned about this indicator. The power generation companies are more concerned about how many hours of utilization of their power plants are. This is nothing more than a word - money, the use of hours is directly related to making money.
Of course, the amount of electricity generated is most relevant to the electricity charges recovered, but for units with different installed capacity, it is difficult to directly compare their electricity tariff recovery by electricity generation, and therefore the “utilization hours†indicator is used. The higher the number of hours of utilization, the more adequate the use of equipment, the lower the amortization of fixed asset investment per kWh, or the faster the recovery of fixed asset investment in the case of the same electricity price.
The electric power industry supervisory department is concerned about this indicator, is to investigate whether the power system dispatching agency has achieved fair scheduling. Similarly for a coal-fired power plant, where one year's utilization hours reach 5,500 hours, and the other is only 3,000 hours, there may be some unfairness for power plants with low utilization hours. However, whether it is really unfair or not requires meticulous investigations, such as low power load, equipment problems or malfunctions, transmission line obstruction, and power system security, which may cause low utilization hours.
Here's how to count?
Many people think that the number of years of annual use = annual power generation / installed capacity, the formula is correct, but not strict, it is easy to calculate the number of hours of use is too small.
The exact method is to use the amount of electricity generated in the report period divided by the capacity of the power generation equipment. There is also an indicator of the same concept: equipment utilization, which is the ratio of utilization hours of power generation equipment during the reporting period to calendar hours of the period. We must pay attention to the reporting period. We should pay attention to the reporting period when using these two indicators.
For example, if a 3MW wind turbine is put into operation on January 1, the cumulative power generation will be 6000kWh by the end of the year, and another 2MW wind turbine will be put into operation on July 1. By the end of the year, 3000kWh of power will be accumulated, and their utilization hours for that year will be 2000 respectively. Hours and 1500 hours, the utilization rate was 2000/8760 and 1500/4416, ie 22.8% and 34.0%, obviously, the utilization rate of the second wind turbine was higher. (8760 and 4416 are the hours of the year and the second half respectively, 8760=24×365,4416=24×184)
If you convert them into one year, the utilization hours are 2,000 hours and 3000 hours respectively, and you can also see that the second wind turbine has a higher degree of utilization. Considering two wind turbines as a single wind farm, the entire wind farm can generate 12,000 kWh of power in the year and 5 MW of installed capacity. The annual utilization hours of wind farms is 2,400 hours. If you directly add up without paying attention to the reporting period, only 9,000 hours of electricity will be generated, and direct results will lead to 1800 hours of erroneous results. For wind farms, photovoltaic power stations and other renewable energy power plants, often many fans or photovoltaic panels are phased and batch-connected to generate electricity. When calculating the hours of utilization, pay attention to the reporting period of each batch of each period.
The notion of utilization hours and utilization is not only applicable to power generation equipment, but there is a problem of the utilization of hours and availability in both production and life. We can use this method to calculate the utilization hours and utilization of various types of equipment, such as home TVs, microwave ovens, and washing machines. Things that are not used several times a year are best bought less, you can rent them when you use them, and you should buy something that you use regularly. From this point of view, the utilization rate of mobile phones, computers, and other equipment is too high. Buying a higher price does not hurt the quality.
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