How should firefighters pay attention to the fire in winter rain and snow?

I. Difficulty in extinguishing fires in winter

1, due to the low temperature in winter, fire officers and soldiers need to wear heavy warm clothing to resist the cold, heavy clothing will lead to firefighters body bloated, is not conducive to rapid movements and fire extinguishing operations in the process of fire fighting, in addition, such as in the process of fire fighting Insufficient warming measures will most likely lead to frostbite firefighters.

2, winter cold weather will lead to slippery road, ice, coupled with rain, fog, fog, etc. will seriously affect the driver's field of vision and speed, so that the fire officers and soldiers rushed to the fire was greatly reduced the speed, can not be Fire extinguishing operations were completed under weak fire conditions, which delayed valuable time for fire rescue.

3. In the process of fire rescue, the low temperature in winter will cause the surface and the surface of the building to be slippery. In addition, the water spray performed by fire extinguishing will easily cause the fire officers and soldiers to be affected in the fire field and the surrounding areas of the fire field. Fire officers and soldiers are prone to falling accidents.

4. The winter weather is cold. Units and individuals are strict in sealing the building to keep warm. When the fire occurs, the enclosed space is not conducive to the evacuation of the people and the entry of firefighters and fire fighting equipment. In addition, the dense thermal protection is not To facilitate firefighters' safety in fire fighting and demolition.

Second, fire fighting and rescue measures under cold conditions

In winter cold conditions, in the event of a fire accident, due to the dry weather and the surrounding flammable materials, etc., the fire will spread quickly and cause serious loss of personnel and property. In the winter cold fire extinguishing operations, officers and soldiers receiving fire brigade shall rush to the fire site in time, and apply for rescue in time according to the conditions of the fire site, so as to control the fire in the shortest possible time to avoid further damage, and they shall be evacuated in the process of fire rescue. People in the fire and rescue trapped people. At the initial stage of the fire, due to the large number of fire scenes, and many trapped people were unable to know the fire accident at the first time, they could not withdraw in time. After the fire officers and soldiers rushed to the scene of the fire, they should promptly organize the personnel in the fire scene to withdraw. When the personnel are withdrawn from the organization, they should be notified in a timely manner that the safe passageway and the personnel in the most unfavorable areas have been withdrawn from the fire, and then the trapped personnel are rescued inside the building. The fire officers and soldiers of the trapped people in complex situations should organize well. The personnel wearing rescue equipment went deep inside the fire site and implemented personnel rescue under the cover of water guns. In the case of fire extinguishing and rescue in cold winter conditions, fire officers and soldiers at all levels should actively protect the fire to prevent further spread of fire. When internal attacks are carried out, they should be analyzed on the basis of analysis of the spread of fire and the layout of the building. The selection of offensive and withdrawal lines divided fire officers and soldiers into several fire extinguishing teams, and rationalized and fully utilized the fire protection facilities inside the building to build a further spread of the delay line of fire, and then organized the fire officers and soldiers on the basis of rational deployment and consolidation of fire defense lines. Fire extinguishing operations are completed and fire sites are promptly investigated after completion of the fire extinguishing operation to avoid hidden dangers. In the winter when water guns are used to carry out fire extinguishing operations, the firewater supply is easily frozen due to low weather temperature. Therefore, during the firefighting operation, attention should be paid to the water supply to the firefighting fires, so that the firefighting vehicles and the water supply equipment can be organically combined to carry out firefighting in the buildings. During the operation, the fire water source in the building shall be used for water supply in a timely manner. When the outdoor fire extinguishing operation is performed, the outside air temperature is low, and the direct water supply should be used to protect the fire water supply.

When fire-fighting operations are performed in cold conditions in winter, fire officers and soldiers at all levels should do a good job of protecting fire safety and keeping warm. If the fire is more intense and the fire-extinguishing time is longer, firefighters and commanders must be promptly organized to properly replace the replacement fire extinguishing operations, and provide firefighters with food and cold clothes in time to avoid the firemen's frostbite. Water gunners should wear fire-fighting gloves to avoid frostbite when using water guns to extinguish the fire. Due to the cold of winter, the use of water jets to directly spray the body to cool down the body may cause frostbite. Therefore, this should be avoided. In the cold winter conditions, the surface of the building is slippery. The personnel who perform firefighting and rescue at high altitude or on the roof should do appropriate safety protection. By using non-skid measures or safety belts, etc., fire officers and soldiers will not slip or fall. Personal injury. In the cold winter conditions, the firefighting operation is heavy and the firefighting operation takes a long time. The firefighting officers and soldiers must be protected under complex conditions to ensure the safety of the fire officers and soldiers.

( 1) Strengthen theoretical study and brainstorming

The firefighting forces at all levels must combine the deployment of fire prevention work in winter and the deployment of troops to prevent accidents, and strengthen ideological and political education. The mobilization forces are fully prepared for thinking, equipment and materials for fighting climate, road conditions and disasters, and are fully responsible for the fire fighting and rescue work with a high sense of responsibilities and urgency. Firefighting units at all levels must provide officers and soldiers with adequate understanding of the arduous nature of fire fighting and rescue work under adverse weather conditions, and strengthen the safety protection education for officers and soldiers while also ensuring that officers and soldiers have the necessary personal safety protection knowledge and skills. .

( B) Local conditions

1. Strengthen the adaptive training of officers and soldiers in extinguishing fires in bad weather conditions.

Strengthen the actual capabilities of officers and men to improve the theoretical knowledge of officers and men. At the same time, the duty forces must strengthen the theoretical study of officers and soldiers in responding to severe weather and extinguish fires under severe cold conditions, and organize the officers and men to carry out physical, technical, and tactical training to extinguish and rescue the unfavorable factors, and constantly improve the troops’ response to adverse conditions. Climate combat capabilities.

2. To carry out targeted training and focus on solving the problem of "six familiars" not being implemented

In accordance with local conditions, the officers and men are organized to carry out adaptive training in physical fitness, skills, tactics, etc. to improve the ability of officers and men to withstand the cold, and to master the fire-fighting and rescue methods under the harsh conditions of ice, storms, and windy winds. The timely implementation of firefield water supply coordinated training, and proficiency in a variety of power collaborative water supply methods under severe cold conditions must strengthen the 'six familiarities' in places where there is a risk of fire, fire and fire, and causing group casualties or major economic losses. Knowing that he knows his best way of taking water and water, and satisfying the uninterrupted water supply requirements on the fire field, he must organize and conduct actual combat and actual firefighting and night-time rescue drills to improve the complex and harsh environment such as cold and high winds. Fire fighting and rescue capabilities.

3. Do a good job in the safety protection of vehicles on fire duty

Double circuit superheater of pump, double circuit heater of water pump and heater of pump are installed to ensure that the temperature of cab, pump room and equipment box is above zero; when the vehicle alarm is dispatched, the indoor pump system will start heating the oil used for fire demolition. The oxygen cutter is modified to add steam nozzles at the outlets of the fire trucks and the water hoses . It is used to apply antifreeze grease to the frozen equipment for antifreeze. Each vehicle is equipped with a blowtorch to research and develop the existing foundation. The heating device of the fire truck water outlet ball valve and water gun ball valve follows the carbon fiber heating principle and the electric heating principle of the electric chip to prevent icing.

4. Strengthen the maintenance of fire water

The detachment business department actively explored the science and technology of water discharge in fire protection and carried out bold reforms in firefighting water discharge methods. In order to meet the needs of science and technology, after five continuous practice transformations and cooperation with fire-fighting manufacturers, the fire extinguishment from the manual was completed. Change to fully automatic water release.

( III) Regulatory compliance, strict military education management

We will actively carry out study and education on fire fighting and rescue safety work in rain, snow, and freezing weather, and continue to strengthen the safety awareness of fire officers and soldiers. Formulate and improve safety management measures for people and vehicles to ensure personnel stability and prevent traffic accidents caused by fire-fighting vehicles sprinting on their way to the fire or returning to the team. Grasp the implementation of on-duty vehicles, equipment, and antifreeze measures to prevent all types of accidents from occurring.

( iv) Strengthening logistics support

Scientific arrangements for food. Actively do a good job in health and disease prevention. The three nights of the police and long-time operations to prepare enough food, timely replenishment of body heat, to ensure combat effectiveness. After the police return to the team, they must promptly do a good job in protecting people, vehicles, and equipment, replace the protective clothing that was used to extinguish the rescue and rescue the wet clothing, replace the fuel and materials in the vehicle, and timely repair and repair various equipment and equipment to quickly restore the combat readiness. , to prepare for the next police.

Third, the conclusion

Winter is a frequent occurrence of fire accidents, and the bad weather such as low temperature and haze has brought about a great challenge for fire safety in winter. In winter, low temperature and rain and fog will cause certain impact on firefighting, rescue, and firefighting. To solve this problem, we must take targeted measures to solve the issues that are faced by the winter fire safety analysis and effectively protect the fire safety in winter.

This article comes from the firefighting forum and is reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.