Biofuels, also known as biofuels, are fuels that are composed or extracted from biomass and can be solids, liquids or gases. Therefore, it can be divided into solid biofuels, such as wood chips, fuelwood, bark, straw bales, etc.; gaseous biofuels, biogas, dimethyl ether, biohydrogen, etc.; liquid biofuels, such as fuel ethanol, biodiesel, synthetic biofuels, etc. .
Compared with fossil fuels, biofuels have little difference in energy consumption and energy density, but carbon emissions are significantly better than fossil fuels. Counting renewable characteristics, biofuels can be used to replace fossil fuels.
Countries around the world are stepping up efforts to support the development and use of biofuels. The United States is a major producer of biofuels, accounting for approximately 44.5% of the world's total. In addition to the United States, the rest of the country also proposed future bioenergy development goals.
According to the “China Biofuels Market Prospects and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report†provided by the Prospective Industry Research Institute, by 2050, the proportion of biofuels in transportation fuels will exceed 25% and meet the world transportation fuel demand of 25%.
This means that the global biofuel market will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 12.5% ​​in the next five years. By 2021, the global biofuel market will reach $185.3 billion, and the outlook is quite optimistic.
The most widely used biofuels are fuel ethanol and biodiesel. Fuel ethanol is mainly used for land transportation. However, due to the high cost of unit travel distance, it has not been widely popularized. Biodiesel has been widely used because of its low emission, high efficiency and safe transportation.
But in order to completely replace the use of fossil fuels, countries need to increase research and development efforts to find new materials and new technologies. For example, algae biofuels may play a major role, and new technologies should increase crop oil production.
Despite the good prospects for biofuels, concerns about the impact of food production have been lingering. At the same time, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers for biofuel production has adversely affected water quality and has also caused heated controversy. The occupation of a large amount of land resources is also a major obstacle to the development of the biofuel industry.
In general, the prospects for biofuels are broader, but new materials and technologies are urgently needed, and the direction of development should be toward advanced biofuels. When reducing dependence on coal and oil, biofuels cannot destroy existing food production and water quality.
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