On the 16th, a bioengineering paper in the British magazine "Nature" reported the world's first "evaporation drive engine." It can perform some common tasks, such as providing driving force and power generation. In the researchers' demonstrations, these engines can drive mini-cars or light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The results show that the water in our most common natural environment, in fact, has the potential to be tapped and can provide useful energy for human beings.
The phase transition process from the liquid to the gaseous state is evaporation, which is a very common phenomenon and the main form of energy transfer in the earth's climate. A man-made evaporation device is quite simple, but in engineering systems, evaporation is rarely used as a source of energy.
This time, the scientist of the University of Columbia, Ozul Sahin, and his research team invented a "humidity-driven artificial muscle", because its English abbreviation is also called HYDRAs. It first attached the bacterial spores to an 8 micron thick polyimide tape. In bacterial spores, water was confined to the nanoscale cavity, which relied on humidity to produce large pressure changes. Thus, under wet and dry conditions, the tape can change its curvature, and when many tapes are assembled in parallel, they can lift the weight against gravity.
Next, the researchers used these HYDRAs materials to create a "steam-driven engine" that can do both rotational and piston motion. When placed in the water-air interface, they automatically start and run. As a result, the team designed the generators on the water surface to illuminate the LED lights with the collected evaporation energy; they also designed a miniature car with a weight of 0.1 kg, when the water inside the car evaporates. Drive the car forward.
Researchers say that the "evaporation drive engine" may be used to drive robotic systems, sensors and other devices in the future, and even for machines that work in the natural environment.
Watt proved the power of steam, and now we realize that evaporation is also very powerful. The alternating wet and dry causes deformation, which is generally the object of prevention in engineering practice. But scientists are doing the opposite, borrowing bacteria to increase deformation. The small bacteria actually raised the weight and incited the generator wheel. Although we don't expect evaporation to drive household appliances, powering the sensors can make a big difference. In the future, we can throw the monitoring equipment into the wild, and a tape is enough for it to work for hundreds of years.
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