Urea is a non-protein nitrogen compound with a nitrogen content of about 46%. 1 kg of urea is equivalent to 2.8 kg of protein or equivalent to 7-8 kg of vegetable oil cake. It is a potential source of protein feed.
Urea can not be directly used as a nutrient by livestock, but the cow is a ruminant. The stomach tumor contains a large number of microorganisms and ciliates. The microorganism can use the ammonia to synthesize the bacterial protein and the bacterial protein into the true stomach. Body utilization. At present, it has been used to partially replace protein feed for cattle, and has achieved good economic benefits. In the process of feeding cows with urea, it is necessary to master the dosage and feeding method, otherwise it will affect the feeding effect, causing bovine poisoning or even death in severe cases. Therefore, using urea to feed cattle should have some principles.
First, the amount of feed should be accurate and appropriate. The amount of urea fed is 20%-30% of the crude protein in the diet or 1% of the dry matter of the diet, and 60-100 grams per day of the adult cow. Yak is strictly prohibited from feeding urea because the rumen function is not yet fully developed.
Second, the feeding method should be appropriate. When feeding urea, start feeding less, gradually increase the amount, so that the cattle have an adaptation period of 7-10 days. The daily feeding amount should be evenly distributed in the whole day's diet. Generally, the urea is uniformly stirred into the coarse roughage. Feeding, it is best to mix the urea with the concentrate and then mix it with the coarse material to avoid uneven mixing of urea. It is forbidden to feed the urea separately. It is strictly forbidden to feed the urea alone or dissolve it in water. It should be fed for 1.5-2 hours. Drink water afterwards.
When using urea to feed cattle, the protein content in the diet is best at 9%-12%. When the protein content of the diet is between 13% and 18%, the urea utilization rate will decrease with the increase of dietary protein level; when the dietary protein level is as high as 18%, the urea is ineffective or even harmful; when the protein in the diet is as low as 8 When %, it affects the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and the utilization rate of urea decreases.
Third, strengthen the observation of cattle. After feeding the urea, special attention should be paid to the reaction of the cow within the first 10 days and 0.5-1 hours after the feeding. There was no abnormal reaction after the cattle were fed. After feeding for a period of time, the upper jaw was significant, and the energy was normal. Such as sports disorders, muscle tremors, convulsions, shortness of breath, foaming of mouth vomiting, etc., indicating that cattle urea poisoning, emergency treatment should be taken. Mild to stop feeding immediately, reduce or take laxatives, severely should be 0.5-1 kg of vinegar plus 3-5 times of water or intravenous 10% glucose 1000-2000 ml or injection of cardiotonic, hypertonic glucose, Chloral hydrate, etc. until the symptoms disappear.
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