This year, the area of ​​corn in the Northeast increased. Since entering the sowing period in April, the rainwater in most areas has been generally more than normal, the soil moisture is good, the spring sowing progress is fast, the seeding quality is high, and the spring sowing situation is a good year in recent years. However, after sowing, the temperature continued to be low, the rainy days were more, and the number of sunshine hours was less, resulting in prolonged time from corn planting to emergence, and the emergence time was later than normal (but earlier than last year). The seedling growth was relatively slow, and the seedlings were young. The growth is weak and generally late, about 2 leaves later than the same period of the year. The quality of seedlings in some plots is poor, the emergence of seedlings is not neat and there are large and small seedlings. At present, corn in the northeastern region has entered the jointing stage. To this end, the Ministry of Agriculture's corn expert guidance group proposed to focus on "early promotion, early management, and early maturity" to guide farmers to early fertilizer, shovel, deep pine cultivating, pest control, and effective management of the middle and late stage management. To promote the normal growth and development of corn, and fully seize the harvest of autumn grain.
(1) Multiple shovel, increase temperature and promote growth. Early cultivating shovel and shovel, and to do more shovel and shovel, improve soil permeability, increase temperature and moisture, promote corn root development and plant growth. For low-lying wet-soil plots, attention should be paid to drainage and cultivating under suitable conditions.
(2) Early topdressing and promotion. In order to promote and accelerate the growth and development of plants, early application of fertilizer should be carried out, and deep application of chemical fertilizers should be carried out . During the jointing period to the small bell mouth period, the side ditch and deep nitrogen fertilizer (about 10cm deep, urea about 20kg/mu or other nitrogen fertilizers with other nitrogen content), and the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer and micro-fertilizer can be applied according to the soil test results. . For weak seedling plots, the amount of fertilizer should be increased appropriately. If necessary, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of weak seedlings. In order to avoid de-fertilization, the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be supplemented according to the specific growth of the plant from the big bell mouth to the flowering stage.
(3) The machinery is deep and loose, and the water is stored and protected. Combined with top dressing for soil loosening operations. To achieve deep application of chemical fertilizers, improve fertilizer efficiency, remove weeds in the field, break the bottom layer of soil plow, increase soil permeability, improve soil water storage capacity, and promote the growth of corn plants.
(4) Strengthen monitoring and control of pests and diseases. After sowing, there are many rains, low temperatures, and the risk of pathogenic diseases such as smut and smut may increase more than normal. Corn herbicide phytotoxicity and corn mash may also occur. According to the occurrence characteristics of corn, pests and weeds, further strengthen technical guidance, actively predict and predict pests and diseases, timely eliminate smut strains, promote Trichogramma to control corn mash, and minimize pests and diseases. .
(5) Promoting early maturity and preventing early frost damage. In the later stage of corn growth, in case of severe drought, we must try to irrigate in time to prevent serious drought reduction due to drought; at the same time, we should properly supplement the fertilizer according to the situation and prevent premature aging. According to the specific production conditions in the local area, the application of spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, laying autumn ridges, taking large grass, cutting empty stalks and diseased plants, laying bottom leaves, standing stalk peeling and other early-maturing measures to ensure the normal maturity of corn kernels and avoid early frost Freezing damage seriously affects corn yield and grain quality.
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