Aphids are important pests in vegetable production. There are more than 10 generations in the north of China. The host plants are seriously damaged. The leaves are contracted and deformed, and the growth is stagnant. The secreted honeydew causes the leaves to have bacteria, which seriously affects photosynthesis and causes the leaves to dry early. Death, the plant can not be convulsions, flowering, and fruiting. In addition, aphids can also spread a variety of viruses, the harm caused by drug transmission is far greater than the harm of aphids themselves, and pollution-free technical measures should be used to strengthen prevention and control.
1. Agricultural control (1) According to different varieties, there are different insect resistance, and insect resistant varieties should be selected for production.
(2) Clear the weeds in the field in time, and clean the wintering place in the greenhouse. When the aphids have not migrated in the spring, timely control and reduce some sources.
(3) Appropriate early sowing, so that the occurrence of the aphid can be reduced after the plant grows.
2. Physical control (1) Silver ash film to avoid cockroaches. Hanging silver-gray plastic strips around the open air vents of greenhouses or in the greenhouse sheds can significantly reduce the amount of sputum.
(2) Use insect nets. When planting seedlings in early spring and autumn, 40-45 mesh silver-gray or white gauze is covered on the nursery seedlings after sowing, which can prevent the mites from contacting the seedlings and reduce the damage of the mites. It is best to use insect-proof nets in the ventilating vents of the shed.
(3) Yellow board lure. Using the tendency of the winged scorpion to yellow, cut the waste wood into a 40cm square, apply a yellow advertising color, and then apply a layer of No. 10 oil and a small amount of butter to mix thoroughly the viscous oil, inserted between the rows, slightly higher than Plants are appropriate, which can cause the dishes to occur about 15 days later, and the number is also reduced.
3. Biological control. Protect and utilize natural enemies and play a natural controlling role. The natural enemies of common aphids include seven-spot ladybug, thirteen-spot ladybug, scorpion fly, grasshopper, and wasp. When the average number of aphids per plant is equal to or greater than the average of each natural enemy, the ratio is 1.67. It indicates that natural enemies can control aphids at this time; if it is greater than 1.67, it means that the density of aphids cannot be controlled, and artificial enemies and release techniques should be actively carried out.
4. Chemical control (1) washing powder to kill cockroaches. The main component of washing powder is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, which has a strong contact effect on aphids. It is sprayed twice with 400-500 times liquid, and the control effect is over 95%. If the washing powder, urea, and water are stirred and mixed at a ratio of 0.2:0.1:100, and the damaged plant is sprayed, it can receive the effect of pest control and fertilization.
(2) Tobacco lime aqueous solution is quenched. 0.5kg of tobacco leaves, 0.5kg of quicklime, a little soap, 30kg of water, soaked for 48 hours, filtered, and sprayed with juice, the effect is remarkable.
(3) Pesticide killing. Commonly used medicines have 50% phlegm and wettable powder 2000-3000 times liquid. This medicine has special effects on rapeseed meal (cabbage, radish, peach, etc.), but it has poor effect on melon and does not harm natural enemies. 10% nicotine emulsifiable insecticide 500-1000 times liquid, the residue is only 36 hours, low toxicity, low residue, no pollution, no resistance, low cost. 3.2% of the artemisinin has high efficacy and quick effect. The protected area can be used with 22% dichlorvos, 500g of closed smoked tobacco per 667 square meters, less pesticide residues and good control effect.
1. Agricultural control (1) According to different varieties, there are different insect resistance, and insect resistant varieties should be selected for production.
(2) Clear the weeds in the field in time, and clean the wintering place in the greenhouse. When the aphids have not migrated in the spring, timely control and reduce some sources.
(3) Appropriate early sowing, so that the occurrence of the aphid can be reduced after the plant grows.
2. Physical control (1) Silver ash film to avoid cockroaches. Hanging silver-gray plastic strips around the open air vents of greenhouses or in the greenhouse sheds can significantly reduce the amount of sputum.
(2) Use insect nets. When planting seedlings in early spring and autumn, 40-45 mesh silver-gray or white gauze is covered on the nursery seedlings after sowing, which can prevent the mites from contacting the seedlings and reduce the damage of the mites. It is best to use insect-proof nets in the ventilating vents of the shed.
(3) Yellow board lure. Using the tendency of the winged scorpion to yellow, cut the waste wood into a 40cm square, apply a yellow advertising color, and then apply a layer of No. 10 oil and a small amount of butter to mix thoroughly the viscous oil, inserted between the rows, slightly higher than Plants are appropriate, which can cause the dishes to occur about 15 days later, and the number is also reduced.
3. Biological control. Protect and utilize natural enemies and play a natural controlling role. The natural enemies of common aphids include seven-spot ladybug, thirteen-spot ladybug, scorpion fly, grasshopper, and wasp. When the average number of aphids per plant is equal to or greater than the average of each natural enemy, the ratio is 1.67. It indicates that natural enemies can control aphids at this time; if it is greater than 1.67, it means that the density of aphids cannot be controlled, and artificial enemies and release techniques should be actively carried out.
4. Chemical control (1) washing powder to kill cockroaches. The main component of washing powder is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, which has a strong contact effect on aphids. It is sprayed twice with 400-500 times liquid, and the control effect is over 95%. If the washing powder, urea, and water are stirred and mixed at a ratio of 0.2:0.1:100, and the damaged plant is sprayed, it can receive the effect of pest control and fertilization.
(2) Tobacco lime aqueous solution is quenched. 0.5kg of tobacco leaves, 0.5kg of quicklime, a little soap, 30kg of water, soaked for 48 hours, filtered, and sprayed with juice, the effect is remarkable.
(3) Pesticide killing. Commonly used medicines have 50% phlegm and wettable powder 2000-3000 times liquid. This medicine has special effects on rapeseed meal (cabbage, radish, peach, etc.), but it has poor effect on melon and does not harm natural enemies. 10% nicotine emulsifiable insecticide 500-1000 times liquid, the residue is only 36 hours, low toxicity, low residue, no pollution, no resistance, low cost. 3.2% of the artemisinin has high efficacy and quick effect. The protected area can be used with 22% dichlorvos, 500g of closed smoked tobacco per 667 square meters, less pesticide residues and good control effect.
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