Hardware Knowledge Hall: Five-axis linkage machine tool product types and development trends

Abstract Five-axis linkage CNC machine tool is a kind of machine tool with high technology content and high precision for processing complex curved surfaces. This machine tool system is used for a country's aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment, etc. The industry has a pivotal influence. just now,...

The five-axis linkage CNC machine tool is a machine tool with high technology content and high precision for processing complex curved surfaces. This machine tool system is used in a country's aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment and other industries. Has a significant influence. Nowadays, it is generally believed that the five-axis linkage CNC machine tool system is the only means to solve the processing of impellers, blades, marine propellers, heavy-duty generator rotors, turbine rotors, large diesel engine crankshafts, etc.

First, the type:

The five-axis linkage machine has vertical, horizontal and cradle two-axis NC table, NC table NC indexing head, NC table 90 axis, NC table 45B axis, NC table A axis, two-axis NC spindle, etc. Types of. There are 7 kinds of five-axis linkage modes in the above six categories, each with its own characteristics. It can't be said which form is better. It can only be said which type of 5-axis machining is suitable for your product.

Second, the advantages:

The use of a five-axis linkage machine makes it easy to clamp the workpiece. No special fixtures are needed during processing, which reduces the cost of the fixture, avoids multiple clamping and improves the precision of mold processing. Machining molds with five-axis technology can reduce the number of fixtures used. In addition, because the five-axis linkage machine saves many special tools during machining, the tool cost is reduced. The five-axis linkage machine tool can increase the effective cutting edge length of the tool during machining, reduce the cutting force, improve the tool life and reduce the cost. The use of five-axis linkage machine tool can quickly complete the mold processing, fast delivery, better guarantee the processing quality of the mold, make mold processing easier, and make mold modification easier. In the traditional mold processing, the vertical machining center is generally used to complete the milling of the workpiece. With the continuous development of mold manufacturing technology, some weaknesses of the vertical machining center itself are becoming more and more obvious. Modern mold processing is generally processed by ball-end milling cutters. The benefits of ball-end milling cutters in mold processing are very obvious, but if a vertical machining center is used, the bottom line has zero line speed, so the bottom surface has a poor finish. If the four or five-axis linkage machining technology is used to process the mold, the above shortcomings can be overcome.

Third, the development trend:

1. The first is to use linear motor drive technology. After more than ten years of development, linear motor technology has been very mature. The problem that the linear motor has just been developed to be susceptible to interference and large heat generation has been solved, and the positioning technology of the linear motor is quickly stopped in high-speed movement, and some machine tool manufacturers use damping technology to solve it. Linear motors have the advantages of linear drive, no drive train, no wear and no backlash, so they can achieve the best positioning accuracy. Linear motors have high dynamics and accelerations can exceed 2g. Linear motor drive is also highly reliable and maintenance-free.

2, followed by dual drive technology. For the wider workbench or gantry type, if the intermediate drive is used, the driving force is not guaranteed to be centered, which tends to cause tilting, resulting in poor dynamic performance. With dual drives, dual scales and a drive module, dynamic performance is perfect. A drive command, the dual drive works at the same time, the grating ruler to detect whether the two points are balanced, if it is unbalanced, it is balanced by different instructions. Of course, the development of five-axis linkage machine technology is far more than that, and many technologies will be reflected in DMG's machine tools.

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