4. How to choose tool materials when cutting high manganese steel?
High manganese steel is a difficult material to process, and requires high tool materials. In general, the tool material is required to have high red hardness, good wear resistance, and high strength, toughness, and thermal conductivity. For cutting high-manganese steel, you can use carbide or cermet as the tool material, or you can use CN25 coated blade or CBN (cubic boron nitride) tool. At present, the most common application is cemented carbide, in which YG-based cemented carbide has high flexural strength and impact toughness (compared with YT-based cemented carbide), which can reduce chipping during cutting. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of YG type hard alloy is good, which is beneficial to the removal of cutting heat from the tool tip, reducing the temperature of the tool tip and avoiding overheating and softening of the tool tip. YG-based cemented carbides have good grinding properties and can sharpen sharp edges. In general, the durability of the tool depends on the red hardness, wear resistance and impact toughness of the tool material. YG-based cemented carbides have high flexural strength and impact toughness, especially for improving fatigue strength, so they are suitable for roughing under shock and vibration conditions; It has high hardness, wear resistance and heat resistance and is suitable for finishing of continuous cutting.
YT-based cemented carbide has high hardness and high heat resistance, but it has low strength, high brittleness and poor thermal conductivity compared with YG-based cemented carbide. Therefore, when cutting high-manganese steel, it is common to use a tough YG-based hard alloy as a tool material. It should be noted that YG-type cemented carbide is not suitable for high-speed cutting, because at high-speed cutting of steel, the high temperature during cutting will cause strong crater wear on the rake face of the tool, and accelerate the wear of the flank. The tool is durable. Degree is reduced. In the case of high cutting speed and smooth cutting process, YT type hard alloy can be considered as the tool material.
An appropriate amount (generally about 0.5% to 3%) of TaC (tantalum carbide) or NbC (tantalum carbide) is added to the YG-based cemented carbide to improve its hardness and wear resistance without lowering its toughness. These advantages are more pronounced as the amount of cobalt in the cemented carbide increases. Therefore, general-purpose cemented carbides with Tac and NbC as additives are also suitable for the cutting of high-manganese steel.
Commonly used carbide grades for cutting high manganese steel are: YG8, YG6A, YG6X, YG8N, YW1, YW2A, YW3, YC45, 767, 798, 813, and the like.
The cermet blade is used for the finishing and semi-finishing of high-manganese steel. The cutting speed can be selected, the surface quality is good, and the tool durability is high. For example, the use of an Al 2 O 3 based ceramic tool for cutting 50Mn18Cr4 high manganese steel is 1 to 4 times more efficient than using a carbide tool.
CNC-coated blades and CBN (cubic boron nitride) tools are also available for cutting high manganese steel. When using CBN tools, it should be noted that the manganese content of the material to be cut cannot be higher than 14%. Otherwise, CBN may chemically react with Mn to make the tool wear severe and the cutting performance is degraded.
5. How to choose the tool geometry when cutting high manganese steel?
High manganese steel has high plasticity and toughness, severe work hardening, high cutting temperature, difficult chip breaking, and easy to cause chipping. Therefore, it is especially important to select the geometric parameters of the tool reasonably.
(1) Front angle and back angle: When cutting high manganese steel, in order to reduce work hardening, the tool is required to be sharp. However, it is generally not possible to use a large rake angle because the rake angle is not conducive to ensuring the edge strength and improving the heat dissipation conditions. A small rake angle or a negative rake angle and a large relief angle are often used, but too large a relief angle can weaken the edge strength and cause chipping. When using carbide tools, γ 0 = -3 ° ~ 3 °, α 0 = 8 ° ~ 12 °; when using ceramic tools, γ 0 = -5 ° ~ -10 °, α 0 = 5 ° ~ 10 ° . Take a small value when roughing the car, and take a big value when finishing the car.
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Solar Mounting System For Green House
The Installation of Mounting Unit
1. Make the concrete base according to solution drawing, locate embedded bolts and set out strings by Laser Level to ensure the centers of embedded bolts in the same elevation as accurate as possible on vertical, horizontal direction and at end face.
2. Locate the Anchor Plate on the concrete base and adjust the position according to solution drawing(remove M14 washer,M14 spring washer,and M14 nut if they are connected to embedded bolts now),and then fasten M14 washer, M14 spring washer, and M14 nut with the tightening torque of 60N.m.
3.Take out the Hexagon Bolt Kit with Post B Corrugated Gasket M12x95 and remove its nut, spring washer, one washer, and corrugated gasket. Insert the Post A, B, C in to Anchor Plate according to the Hexagon Bolt Kit with Corrugated Gasket M12x95 drawing and then fix them by two sets of Hexagon Bolt Kit with Corrugated Gasket M12*95. Post C Post A
4.Remove the bolt kits M12*90 from all the Posts and Pre-Assembled Supports and unfold the embedded Supports, fasten them on the Posts by bolt kits M12*90 according to the drawing.
Installation of Rails
1.Please check the length of Beam before place it onto the Pre-Assembled Supports, otherwise extend it with Splice forBeam first. There are 4 self-tapping screws in each side and total 8 self- tapping screws in both sides. We strongly recommend NOT extend the Beams on Preassembled Supports.
2.Before locate the Beams, mark the position of the Beam son the surface of Pre-Assembled Supports with maker pens according to solution drawing for easier installation. Place the Beams on the 55*80 Tube of Pre-Assembled Supports and fix it with C Clamp Kits. Install all the Beams in the same step. The tightening torque will be 20N.m. C Clamp Kit Side Beam(Please arrange 3-4 persons to install when the array is long.)
Installation of Solar Panels
1.Place the panels above the Beam 85, fixing it with Wide End Clamp Kit in the side and Inter Clamp Kit in the middle. Install all the panels in the same steps until complete installation of al panels. Fasten all the bolts with tightening torque of 10N.m.
2.Complete installation, and please inspect and make sure all the bolts are fastened.
Solar Panel Mounting Frames,Solar Panel Mounting Systems,Greenhouse Solar Mounting System,PV Mounting Systems
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