Photovoltaic power generation has proven to be technically mature in many applications and is economically advantageous. From a long-term perspective, photovoltaic power generation will enter the electricity market with decentralized power sources, and will partially replace conventional energy sources. In the near term, photovoltaic power generation can be used as a supplement to conventional energy sources to address special applications such as communications, signal power, and remotely-powered regions. The electricity demand of civilian life has great significance in environmental protection and energy strategy.
Photovoltaic power generation has many advantages, such as: safe, reliable, noiseless, non-polluting, energy everywhere, no geographical restrictions, no need to consume fuel, no mechanical rotating parts, low failure rate, easy maintenance, unattended operation, establishment period It is short, free to scale, and does not require erection of transmission lines. It can be easily combined with buildings. These advantages are beyond conventional power generation and other power generation methods. At present, solar cells mainly have the following applications.
1. User solar power supply: (1) Small-sized power supplies ranging from 10-100W, used for power consumption in remote and non-powered areas such as the plateau, islands, pastoral areas, and border posts, such as lighting, television, and tape recorders. (2) 3-5KW family rooftop grid-connected power generation system. (3) Photovoltaic water pumps: Solving the drinking and irrigation of deep wells in areas without electricity.
2. Traffic areas: such as navigation lights, traffic / railway lights, traffic warning / sign lights, street lights, overhead obstacle lights, highway / railway wireless telephone booths, unattended road class power supply.
3. Communications/Communications: Solar unmanned microwave relay stations, fiber optic cable maintenance stations, radio/communications/paging power systems, rural carrier telephony photovoltaic systems, small communicators, and soldier GPS power supplies.
4. Petroleum, marine and meteorological fields: Cathodic protection solar power systems for oil pipelines and reservoir gates, life and emergency power sources for oil drilling platforms, marine detection equipment, and meteorological/hydrological observation equipment.
5. Home lighting power: such as garden lights, street lights, portable lights, camping lights, mountaineering lights, fishing lights, black lights, tapping lights, energy-saving lamps.
6. Photovoltaic power station: 10KW-50MW independent photovoltaic power station, scenery (Chai) complementary power station, various large-scale parking lot charging stations, etc.
7. Solar building: The combination of solar power and building materials will enable future large-scale construction to achieve electricity self-sufficiency, which is a major development direction in the future.
8. Other areas include: (1) Solar vehicles/electric vehicles, battery charging equipment, automobile air conditioners, ventilation fans, and cold drink containers that are used in conjunction with automobiles. (2) Regeneration power generation system of solar hydrogen generation fuel cell. (3) Power supply for seawater desalination equipment. (4) Satellites, spacecraft, space solar power stations, etc.
At present, the United States, European countries, especially Germany, Japan, and India are all making great efforts to develop solar cell applications. The “100,000 Roof†plan that has begun to be implemented and the “millions of roofs†plan have greatly promoted the development of the photovoltaic market. The future is very great. bright.
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