Xinhua News Agency, Harbin, October 31 New Media Specialist (Reporter Gao Shuhua, Guan Jiantao, Wang Chunyu) “In 2008, two-thirds of the village’s land was planted with soybeans. In 2009, only half of the land was still planted. By 2011, everyone would replant the corn. "Fang Chengzhong, director of Xingwang Village, Xiji Township, Bayan County, Heilongjiang Province, told reporters, "I have not planted soybeans for two or three years on 54 acres of land in my family."
Bayan County where Fang Chengzhong is located has 3.44 million mu of arable land, which was once the “hometown of soybeans†in Heilongjiang Province. In the important production area of ​​non-GM soybeans in China, from 2003 to 2006, the soybean planting area in Bayan County reached 1.3 million mu, but now there is only 240,000 mu, and the “hometown of soybeans†is also difficult to see soybeans.
When it comes to the reasons for abandoning soybeans, many local farmers believe that the comparative benefits of growing soybeans are too low. Fang Chengzhong has a comparison account: the cost of planting an acre of corn is more than 400 yuan, and if it is 1,500 pounds per mu, and 0.8 yuan per catty, it can earn 800 yuan per mu. The cost of planting an acre of soybeans is more than 300 yuan, 300 yuan per mu, and 2.2 yuan per catty, and an acre earns less than 300 yuan. "In the same kind of land, earn 500 less, who is willing to plant!"
Keshan County, located in the northern part of Heilongjiang Province, is also a traditional soybean planting area. In recent years, soybean planting area has also been greatly reduced. According to Gong Shanshan, head of the Agricultural Bureau of Keshan County, Keshan has 3.02 million mu of arable land. During the ten years from 1997 to 2007, soybeans have been maintained at 2.4 million mu, but due to the relatively low profits of soybeans, it has now dropped to 1.5 million mu. Now.
According to a survey conducted by the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Agriculture, in 2012, the net profit of soybean planting in the province was 256 yuan per mu, corn net profit per mu was 495 yuan, net profit per mu of japonica rice was as high as 695 yuan, and the benefit ratio for soybean, corn, and japonica rice was 1.. 1.9..2.7. As planting income is significantly lower than other two corn and rice food crops, the enthusiasm of farmers to plant a sharp decline.
In 2009, the soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province was 60.117 million mu, which has dropped to 53.22 million mu, 50.8 million mu, and 39.96 million mu in succession, and this year it has shrunk to 31.05 million mu. In the four years, the soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province has decreased by nearly 30 million mu, which is almost halved, and the rate of decline has apparently accelerated.
If the comparative benefits cannot be raised, the remaining soybeans will continue to decrease. Wang Xiaoxiao, deputy secretary-general of the Heilongjiang Soybean Association, told reporters that soybean production in Heilongjiang province accounts for about 40% of the country's total and is the largest non-GMO soybean growing area in China. At present, soybeans in Heilongjiang Province are mainly concentrated in the higher latitudes of Heihe and Qiqihaer. These regions previously used only soybeans. In recent years, due to the development and marketing of high-latitude corn and rice seeds, the traditional legume regions have also started to grow many corn and rice.
Not only have farmers abandoned soybeans, but even non-genetically modified soybean researchers and scientific research funding have decreased. According to reports, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences system researchers engaged in soybeans, has been reduced from more than 200 people during the "Eleventh Five-Year" period to about 150 people, which will bring hidden dangers to the sustainable development of the soybean industry.
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