First, the use of soy protein concentrate
Soy protein concentrate is also known as 70% protein powder. Soy protein concentrate can be used in the production of milk replacer, protein-cast food, minced meat, latex minced meat, meat rolls, seasonings, baked goods, baby food, simulated meat, etc., and should be selected according to the functional characteristics of different concentrated proteins.
Second, the processing method
In the processing of soy protein concentrate, it is preferred that the raw material is desolved at a low temperature, and the leaching enthalpy can be used at a high temperature, but the utilization rate is low and the quality is poor. The methods for producing concentrated protein mainly include dilute acid precipitation method and alcohol washing method.
1. Dilute acid precipitation method
Using the principle that the soy meal powder leaching solution is at the isoelectric point (pH 4.3-4.5) and the protein solubility is the lowest, the insoluble protein and polysaccharide are separated from the soluble carbohydrate and the low molecular protein by centrifugation, then neutralized and concentrated and dried and dehydrated. A concentrated protein powder is obtained. This method can simultaneously remove the astringency of soybeans. The concentrated acid powder is produced by the dilute acid precipitation method, and the protein has good water solubility (high PDI value), but the acid and alkali consumption is large. At the same time, a large amount of sugar-containing wastewater is discharged, which makes post-treatment difficult, and the flavor of the product is not as good as the alcohol method.
2, alcohol washing method
Using the principle that the solubility of soluble protein is the lowest when the alcohol concentration is 60% to 65%, the alcohol solution is mixed with the low temperature desolvation enthalpy to wash the soluble sugar, ash and alcohol soluble protein in the mash. The alcohol solution is separated by filtration, and alcohol and sugar are recovered, and the slurry is dried to obtain a concentrated protein powder. The protein powder produced by this method has better color and flavor and less protein loss. However, due to protein denaturation and the product still contains 0.25% to 1% alcohol, the food value is limited. In addition, there are wet hot water washing method, acid pickling alcohol washing method and membrane separation method. The membrane separation method is to obtain the concentrated protein by de-sugarization with an ultrafiltration membrane, and to dehydrate and recover the water-soluble low molecular protein and sugar by the reverse osmosis membrane, and the wastewater treatment project is not required in the production, and the product has a high nitrogen solubility index (NS), so it is a kind of Promising approach.
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