CNC machining is the process of machining a blank into a qualified part driven by a machining program. The CNC machine tool control system has computer data processing functions, intelligent recognition functions and automatic control capabilities that are not available in ordinary machine tools. Compared with conventional machining, CNC machining has obvious differences. Its characteristics are as follows:
1. High degree of automation, easy to achieve computer control
In addition to the manual work of clamping the workpiece, all the machining processes are automatically controlled by the CNC machine under the control of the NC program, without manual intervention. Therefore, the processing quality is mainly controlled by the quality of the NC program.
2. High continuity of CNC machining
The workpiece can be machined on multiple parts of the CNC machine only once, and even the entire machining content of the workpiece can be completed. The machining center equipped with a tool magazine can be equipped with several or even dozens of spare tools. It has an automatic tool change function, which can realize automatic tool change controlled by NC program. It does not need to interrupt the machining process and has high production efficiency.
3. The consistency of CNC machining is good
CNC machining basically eliminates the subjective error of the operator, high precision, stable product quality and good interchangeability.
4. Suitable for processing complex parts
CNC machining is not affected by the complexity of the shape of the workpiece and has a wide range of applications. It is easy to realize machining of complex surfaces and high-precision parts such as turbine blades and forming dies, and solves some problems that are difficult to solve in conventional machining, such as high assembly requirements.
5. Easy to establish a networked system
For example, the establishment of direct numerical control system (DNC), the integration of programming, processing, production management, the establishment of automated workshops, towards integrated manufacturing. Even the CAD system is integrated to form the digital manufacturing system of the enterprise. The NC program is compiled by CAM software. It adopts digitization and visualization technology. It can quickly complete the programming of complex parts by human-computer interaction on the computer, thus shortening the product development cycle.
In recent years, with the modular development of CNC machine tools, CNC machining equipment has increased the flexibility. Advanced flexible machining is not only suitable for multi-variety and small-volume production, but also increases the function of automatically changing workpieces. It can alternately process two or more different parts, enabling nighttime unattended production operations. The Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) consisting of several CNC machine tools (machining centers) is a more flexible automated manufacturing system with an automated manufacturing system that integrates the key aspects of the manufacturing process, such as machining, assembly and inspection.
CNC technology has become the core technology and basic technology of manufacturing automation. Among them, the accuracy and repeatability of CNC machine tools have become the most important factor for users to consider.
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