The first few articles introduce you to the basic concepts of bolts (you can see my previous articles), tensile strength and yield strength. So what is tensile strength and yield strength? Let's talk with everyone today.
Generally, under a certain external force, the material will be damaged beyond a certain limit. In general, there are many forces that cause damage to materials, such as tension, pressure, shear, and torsion.
The tensile strength and yield strength mentioned today are all obtained by tensile tests for tensile forces. Generally, the material is stretched by a tensile machine until it breaks or reaches a certain degree of damage. The force that causes ultimate damage to the material is the tensile ultimate load of the material. Generally, Newton N or KN is used to express the pulling force. By dividing the tensile ultimate force by the cross-sectional area of ​​the experimental material, the tensile ultimate load per unit area is obtained. The force per unit area is generally expressed in megapascals (MPa = N / mm).
Tension instrument
Tensile strength is the ratio of the tensile ultimate load divided by the cross-sectional area of ​​the material. Tensile strength is the maximum limit of the external force per unit area of ​​the material. Above this ultimate pull, the material will be destroyed.
So what is the yield strength? The yield strength is for elastic materials, and the inelastic material has no yield strength. For example, all kinds of metal materials, plastics, rubber, etc. have yield strength. Glass, ceramics, masonry, etc., are relatively brittle, generally have no elasticity, and have no yield strength.
Under normal external force, the material undergoes elastic deformation (what is elastic deformation? The external force is eliminated, the material will return to its original size and shape). When the external force continues to increase, the material will enter plastic deformation after a certain value. Once the material enters the plastic deformation, the original size and shape of the material cannot be restored when the external force is eliminated! The critical point strength that causes the two deformations is the yield strength of the material! The tension value at this critical point is called the yield point corresponding to the applied tensile force.
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